TABLE 1.
The pathways of LncRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy.
| LncRNAs | Expression changes |
Functions | Patient samples or research models (Drugs) | References |
| H19 | let-7b↓→STAT3, c-Myc↑→microglia and astrocyte activation↑ | SD rats (KA) | Han et al., 2018a; Han et al., 2020 | |
| XIST | miR-29c-3p↓→NFAT5↑→neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation↑ | SD rats (PTZ)/CTX-TNA (LPS) | Zhang et al., 2021 | |
| ILF3-AS1 | ↑ | miR-212↓→MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP14↑→neuroinflammation↑ | Hippocampal tissue and serum from EPP/Astrocytes | Wan and Yang, 2020 |
| NEAT1 | miR-129-5p↓→Notch↑→neuroinflammation↑ | Temporal lobe tissue from EPPs/CTX-TNA (IL-1β) | Wan and Yang, 2020 | |
| PVT1 | BDNF↓/axin, cyclin D1↑→astrocyte activation↑ | SD rats(LiCl/PILO) | Zhao et al., 2019 | |
| CASC2 | ↓ | PTEN↓/p-P38, ADK, ENT1↑→astrocyte activation↑ | SD rats (PTZ)/Primary rat astrocytes (PTZ) | Zhu et al., 2020 |
| UCA1 | JAK, STAT, Nrf2-ARE, GLAST↑→astrocyte activation↑ | SD rats (KA) | Wang et al., 2020 | |
| miR-203↑→MEF2C↓/NF-κB↑→neuroinflammation↑ | SD rats (LiCl/PILO)/CTX-TNA (IL-1β) | Yu et al., 2020 | ||
| GAS5 | miR-219→CaMKIIγ/NMDAR→neuroinflammation↑ | C57BL/6 mice (ATR/PILO)/SH-SY5Y (-Mg2+) | Zhao et al., 2022 | |
| TUG1 | miR-199a-3p↓→neuronal apoptosis↑ | Serum from EPPs/PHNs (-Mg2+) | Li et al., 2021 | |
| ZNF883 | miR-181b↓→RASSF1A/MOAP1↑→neuronal apoptosis↑ | PHNs (-Mg2+) | Gong et al., 2020 | |
| miR-138-5p↓→USP47, NLRP3↑→neuronal apoptosis and inflammation↑ | SD rats (ATR/PILO)/PHNs (-Mg2+) | Gong et al., 2022 | ||
| SNHG1 | ↑ | miR-154-5p↓→TLR5↑→neuronal apoptosis↑ | Mice (LiCl/PILO)/SH-SY5Y (-Mg2+) | Zhao et al., 2020 |
| H19 | let-7b↓→Caspase3↑→neuronal apoptosis↑ | SD rats (KA) | Han et al., 2018b; Sajadpoor et al., 2018 | |
| MALAT1 | miR-101↓→c-Met↑/PI3K/akt↓→neuronal autophagy and apoptosis↑ | SD rats (LiCl/PILO) | Wu and Yi, 2018 | |
| ZFAS1 | miR-421↓→PI3K/Akt↓→neuronal autophagy and apoptosis↑ | C57BL/6 mice (ATR/PILO)/PHNs (ATR/PILO) | Hu et al., 2020 | |
| BCL2↓/BAX, Cas3, NF-κB↑→neuronal apoptosis and inflammation↑ | Serum from EPPs/PHNs (-Mg2+) | He et al., 2021 | ||
| FTX | ↓ | miR-21-5p↑→SOX7↓→neuronal apoptosis↑ | SD rats (LiCl/PILO)/PHNs (-Mg2+) | Li et al., 2019 |
| UCA1 | miR-495↑→Nrf2↑→neuronal apoptosis↑ | SD rats (LiCl/PILO)/PHNs (-Mg2+) | Geng et al., 2018 | |
| Nespas | miR-615–3p↓→Psmd11↓/PI3K/AKT/mTOR↑→neuronal apoptosis↑ | C57BL/6 mice (ATR/PILO)/PHNs (ATR/PILO) | Feng et al., 2021 | |
| Peg13 | miR-490-3p↑→Psmd11↓/β-catenin, cyclin-D1, c-Myc↑→neuronal damage and inflammation↑ | C57BL/6 mice (ATR/PILO) | Feng et al., 2020 | |
| MEG3 | PI3K/AKT/mTOR↓→neuronal apoptosis↑ | SD rats (LiCl/PILO)/PHNs (-Mg2+) | Zhang et al., 2020 |
ATR, atropine; EPPs, epileptic patients; KA, kainic acid; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PHNs, primary hippocampal neurons; PILO, pilocarpine; PTZ, pentylenetetrazol.