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. 2022 Oct 20;17(10):e0275975. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275975

Table 4. Difference of means for BRIC input variables 2010 and 2015*.

Variable Year CONUS Gulf Southeast Atlantic
(3108 counties) (170 counties) (146 counties)
Mean t-value Sig. (2-tailed) Mean t-value Sig. (2-tailed) Mean t-value Sig. (2-tailed)
Educational equality 2010 0.83 14.98 0.000 0.72 4.06 0.000 0.79 3.29 0.001
2015 0.77 0.63 0.73
Communication capacity 2010 0.88 -71.84 0.000 0.84 1.71 0.089 0.83 -0.32 0.752
2015 1.00 0.81 0.83
Health coverage 2010 0.61 -12.52 0.000 0.65 -1.40 0.161 0.54 2.79 0.006
2015 0.65 0.68 0.48
Mental health support 2010 0.04 -25.42 0.000 0.22 4.42 0.000 0.04 -4.68 0.000
2015 0.08 0.15 0.10
Health access 2010 0.24 -10.06 0.000 0.47 -0.48 0.633 0.42 1.24 0.216
2015 0.27 0.48 0.40
Income equality (Race) 2010 0.49 -73.01 0.000 0.56 1.42 0.156 0.61 2.23 0.026
2015 0.67 0.53 0.56
Income equality (Gender) 2010 0.71 -6.28 0.000 0.46 -3.16 0.002 0.69 -2.09 0.038
2015 0.73 0.53 0.73
Multi-purpose retail 2010 0.02 -97.20 0.000 0.07 -32.64 0.000 0.11 -8.77 0.000
2015 0.14 0.52 0.30
Internet access 2010 0.75 11.86 0.000 0.81 4.04 0.000 0.83 3.30 0.001
2015 0.67 0.68 0.73
Sheltering needs 2010 0.05 -5.40 0.000 0.25 3.40 0.001 0.11 -1.73 0.084
2015 0.06 0.19 0.14
Place attachment 2010 0.97 23.54 0.000 0.93 6.21 0.000 0.92 4.08 0.000
2015 0.92 0.82 0.85
Civic involvement 2010 0.07 28.61 0.000 0.10 5.84 0.000 0.24 9.26 0.000
2015 0.02 0.03 0.04
Disaster volunteerism 2010 0.05 -17.86 0.000 0.13 -2.76 0.006 0.14 -1.21 0.225
2015 0.09 0.18 0.17
Disaster preparedness 2010 0.04 12.21 0.000 0.06 1.03 0.306 0.06 -6.59 0.000
2015 0.02 0.05 0.18
Mitigation spending 2010 0.01 -2.71 0.007 0.08 -4.10 0.000 0.03 0.61 0.543
2015 0.02 0.20 0.03
Disaster aid experience 2010 0.13 -10.96 0.000 0.17 -0.26 0.797 0.33 8.15 0.000
2015 0.18 0.17 0.14
Population stability 2010 0.92 -27.34 0.000 0.85 1.32 0.187 0.76 -1.86 0.064
2015 0.97 0.82 0.80
Local food suppliers 2010 0.02 -5.90 0.000 0.08 -0.97 0.333 0.08 0.57 0.567
2015 0.03 0.10 0.07
Efficient energy use 2010 0.90 37.06 0.000 0.57 -0.35 0.725 0.58 0.75 0.454
2015 0.83 0.59 0.56

* Assumes unequal variances. Includes variables with correlations <0.8 between the two time-periods.