Table 2. Healthcare Resource Utilization Study Outcomes.
| Author (Year) | Country | Healthcare Resource Utilization |
| Marrie et al (2020)20 | Canada | Mean (SD) duration of follow-up (y) Study period: 6.16 (3.96) For HRQoL assessments: 2.6 (2.04) Median (IQR) number of HRQoL assessments (patients with MS <18 y vs healthy controls): 3 (2-4) vs 1 (1-1) 19.4% of patients with MS (vs 0 healthy controls) hospitalized between first and last HRQoL date (total 16 times) Median (IQR) number physician visits from first to last HRQoL date (patients with MS vs healthy controls): 13 (6-27) vs 0 (0.0) Rate of ambulatory visits rate ratio (95% CI) vs healthy controls: 1.49 (0.99-2.25) |
| Marrie (2019)19 | Canada | Baseline utilization among prevalent cases (in the year before index date, patients with MS ≤18 y vs age-, sex-, and region-matched healthy controls) Hospitalized: 16.5% vs 2.0% Median (IQR) number of physician visits: 9 (5-16) vs 3 (1-6) Crude annual rate (95% CI) of utilization per 100 person-y (patients with MS vs age-, sex-, and region-matched healthy controls) Hospitalizations: 34.1 (25.5-44.8) vs 3.1 (2.0-4.6) Ambulatory physician visits for MS cohort ranged from 828.2 (783.9-874.2) to 1703.3 (1643.9-1764.4), ≥3-fold higher in the MS cohort than in matched cohort Adjusted analysis (MS vs healthy controls) Odds ratio (95% CI) of any hospitalization: 15.2 (12.0-19.1) Rate ratio (95% CI) of ambulatory physician visits: 4.58 (4.26-4.92) Healthcare utilization among incident cases (from time of diagnosis) also included |
| Boesen et al (2020)18 | Denmark | Mean utilization per year for patients with MS <18 y Primary care visits: 4.6 Hospital visits: 5.9 Hospital admissions: 0.5 Rate ratio (95% CI) for healthcare utilization at 1-y follow-up for patients with MS vs age- and sex-matched healthy controls Primary care visit: 1.41 (1.29-1.54) All hospital visits: 10.74 (8.95-12.90) Hospital admissions only: 4.27 (2.92-6.25) 30-day and 5-y follow-up periods, and MS vs non–brain-related chronic disease rate ratios also included |
| Boesen (2019)43 | Denmark | Mean, median (SD, range) utilization for patients with MS <18 y vs age- and sex-matched controls No. of hospital infections: 0.0055, 0 (0.074, 0-1) vs 0.0077, 0 (0.099, 0-2) Antibiotic prescriptions: 0.73, 0 (1.2, 0-9) vs 0.59, 0 (1.01, 0-6) Tests in primary care: 0.94, 0 (1.47, 0-8) vs 0.79, 0 (1.27, 0-9) All exposures combined: 1.45, 0 (1.90, 0-11) vs 1.19, 0 (1.54, 0-10) HR for infections for MS children and controls also included |
| von Wyl et al (2020)21 | Switzerland | Median (IQR) number of visits during follow-up among patients with MS <18 y: 7 (4-10) (median [IQR] y follow-up: 6 [3.1-10.1]) |
| Lavery et al (2016)16 | US | Mean, median (SD, range) utilization per patient with MS <19 y over the study period Hospital admissions: 6.0, 4.0 (6.1, 1-8) Length of stay per admission, days: 5.5, 4.0 (7.8, 4-4) Mean annual rate of hospital admission per 10 000 2004: 3.47 2013: 5.32 |
| Wright et al (2017)17 | US | Mean (range) utilization over study period among patients with MS <18 y Total visits: 26.1 (1-308) Outpatient visits: 22.7 (0-294) Inpatient stays: 1.2 (0-6) Emergency visits: 2.1 (0-40) MRIs: 5.6 (1-32) |
| Krupp (2016)44 | US, Italy, Russia, Argentina, France, Canada, Tunisia, Venezuela | Hospitalized for initial relapse (% US, ROW) among patients with MS Preadolescents (<12 y): 86.7, 77.1 Adolescents (12-17 y): 46.6, 58.3 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; HRQoL, health-related quality of life; IQR, interquartile range; MRIs, magnetic resonance imaging; ROW, rest of world.
Control group data reported as applicable to outcome of interest.