Table A21.
OLS regression of employment variables using the sample of years 2016 and 2020.
| Explanatory variables | Dependent variables |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployed (yes = 1, no = 0) | Temporary layoff (yes = 1, no = 0) | Having a wage job (yes = 1, no = 0) | Having job with contract (yes = 1, no = 0) | Having a formal job (yes = 1, no = 0) | Log of monthly wage (wage workers) | Having wage below minimum wages (yes = 1, no = 0) | |
| Quarter 2 * COVID year | 0.0067*** | 0.0305*** | −0.0062*** | −0.0077*** | −0.0059*** | −0.1033*** | 0.0566*** |
| (0.0004) | (0.0005) | (0.0013) | (0.0015) | (0.0016) | (0.0041) | (0.0023) | |
| Quarter 3 * COVID year | 0.0061*** | 0.0029*** | −0.0012 | −0.0157*** | −0.0129*** | −0.0611*** | 0.0287*** |
| (0.0004) | (0.0004) | (0.0014) | (0.0018) | (0.0018) | (0.0033) | (0.0015) | |
| Quarter 4 * COVID year | 0.0048*** | 0.0004** | −0.0020 | −0.0104*** | −0.0088*** | −0.0655*** | 0.1065*** |
| (0.0004) | (0.0001) | (0.0012) | (0.0011) | (0.0010) | (0.0027) | (0.0026) | |
| Quarter 1 | Reference | ||||||
| Quarter 2 | −0.0010** | −0.0006*** | 0.0027** | 0.0010 | 0.0002 | −0.0278*** | −0.0137*** |
| (0.0004) | (0.0001) | (0.0010) | (0.0007) | (0.0007) | (0.0024) | (0.0019) | |
| Quarter 3 | −0.0030*** | −0.0008*** | 0.0015 | 0.0048*** | 0.0023** | −0.0135*** | −0.0268*** |
| (0.0003) | (0.0001) | (0.0017) | (0.0009) | (0.0009) | (0.0032) | (0.0020) | |
| Quarter4 | −0.0034*** | −0.0009*** | 0.0149*** | 0.0081*** | 0.0060*** | −0.0167*** | −0.0371*** |
| (0.0004) | (0.0001) | (0.0008) | (0.0008) | (0.0007) | (0.0036) | (0.0023) | |
| COVID year | 0.0053*** | −0.0003* | 0.0468*** | 0.0216*** | 0.0254*** | 0.2205*** | −0.0680*** |
| (0.0005) | (0.0001) | (0.0033) | (0.0035) | (0.0035) | (0.0038) | (0.0024) | |
| Control variables | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Year fixed-effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| District fixed-effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Constant | 0.1198*** | 0.0014** | 0.5646*** | 0.2202*** | 0.1028*** | 7.1190*** | 0.5773*** |
| (0.0066) | (0.0004) | (0.0156) | (0.0174) | (0.0166) | (0.0626) | (0.0389) | |
| Observations | 908,060 | 908,060 | 908,060 | 908,060 | 908,060 | 373,451 | 373,451 |
| R-squared | 0.030 | 0.023 | 0.268 | 0.380 | 0.379 | 0.365 | 0.102 |
| Note: Control variables are the same as in Table 1, including gender, age, age squared, education levels and urban dummy.Robust standard errors in parentheses (corrected for sampling weight and clustered at the district level and year-by-quarter level) . *** p < 0.01, ** p < 0.05, * p < 0.1. Source: authors’ estimations from the LFSs. | |||||||