Table 2.
Histological analyses of control, diabetic, and treated diabetic groups.
| Variables | Control | Diabetic | Insulin | Insulin + aqueous extract (AFA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of glomeruli, per field | 9.90 (9.60–11.00) | 9.20 (7.20–9.40)# | 9.20 (8.80–10.20) | 11.40 (11.00–13.00)*§ |
| Glomerular diameter, µm | 111.90 (106.46–114.49) | 117.42 (115.48–119.90) | 116.46 (114.01–132.50) | 110.79 (103.60–115.31) |
| Glomerular capillary diameter, μm | 94.88 (85.77–99.15) | 102.67 (91.60–113.53) | 99.88 (96.53–113.17) | 101.13 (91.06–101.42) |
| Bowman's space area, µm | 8.00 (7.48–8.59) | 8.95 (7.49–11.33) | 8.64 (7.52–9.26) | 8.52 (7.65–9.53) |
| Glomerular basement membrane thickness, μm | 1.59 (1.48–1.75) | 3.61 (3.61–3.70)# | 2.40 (2.32–2.45)# | 2.02 (1.68–2.12)*§ |
| Hyaline body count, hyaline body number/μm2 | 0.80 (0.20–1.80) | 21.80 (4.40–63.80)# | 1.20 (0.20–5.00)* | 0.60 (0.60–1.80)* |
| Glomerular fibrosis, % | 27.99 (26.67–29.23) | 32.52 (32.05–32.64)# | 30.75 (29.69–31.57)# | 28.50 (27.57–29.19)*§ |
| Tubulointerstitial fibrosis, % | 7.32 (6.87–7.98) | 12.70 (11.42–13.26)# | 9.05 (8.19–9.84)* | 7.21 (6.79–8.14)*§ |
Results are expressed as the median (interquartile range).
#P < 0.05, vs. control group; *P < 0.05, diabetic group; §P < 0.05, insulin group.