Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients with and without Development of Venous Thromboembolism
| No VTE (n=115) | Yes VTE (n=18) | Total (n=133) | Number with missing data |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 37 (26-52) | 44 (29-53) | 38 (26-52) | 0 | 0.41 |
| Sex | 0 | 0.27 | |||
| Female | 12.2% | 22.2% | 13.5% | ||
| Male | 88% | 78% | 87% | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.8 (23.0-30.2) | 27.6 (24.6-31.4) | 26.8 (23.3-30.6) | 3 | 0.33 |
| Mechanism | 0 | 0.27 | |||
| Penetrating | 33% | 17% | 31% | ||
| Blunt | 67% | 83% | 69% | ||
| Injury Severity Score | 22 (14-30) | 29 (27-34) | 25 (14-33) | 0 | <0.01 |
| AIS Head | 3 (0-4) | 3 (2-5) | 3 (0-4) | 2 | 0.30 |
| GCS | 13 (7-15) | 14 (9-15) | 13 (7-15) | 1 | 0.61 |
| Heart Rate | 96 (24) | 100 (35) | 96 (26) | 1 | 0.57 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmhg) | 132 (32) | 128 (39) | 131 (33) | 1 | 0.70 |
| Shock Index | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.4) | 0.9 (0.3) | 1 | 0.48 |
| pH | 7.3 (7.3-7.4) | 7.3 (7.2-7.3) | 7.3 (7.3-7.4) | 23 | 0.08 |
| Base Excess (meq/ml) | −2.5 (−7.0-0.2) | −5.7 (−7.6--2.8) | −2.6 (−7.4--0.1) | 22 | 0.11 |
| INR | 1.1 (1.0-1.2) | 1.1 (1.1-1.2) | 1.1 (1.0-1.2) | 5 | 0.48 |
| pTT (seconds) | 28 (25-30) | 30 (26-34) | 28 (25-31) | 5 | 0.07 |
| Platelet count (presentation), x109/L | 263 (209-322) | 260 (207-299) | 263 (209-310) | 0 | 0.59 |
| Platelet count (24 hours), x109/L | 164 (127-201) | 126 (106-153) | 157 (124-193) | 0 | 0.01 |
| Proportion with initiation of chemoprophylaxis | 0 | ||||
| 24 hours | 15% | 0% | 13% | 0.08 | |
| 48 hours | 39% | 17% | 36% | 0.07 | |
| 72 hours | 64% | 39% | 61% | 0.04 | |
| 96 hours | 78% | 44% | 73% | <0.01 | |
| 120 hours | 84% | 78% | 83% | 0.51 | |
| Length of stay (to 28 days) | 16 (9-24) | 28 (21-28) | 17 (10-25) | 0 | <0.01 |
| ICU length of stay (to 28 days) | 5 (3-11) | 14 (7-23) | 7 (3-14) | 0 | <0.01 |
| Ventilator-free days (to 28 days) | 25 (20-27) | 18 (5-24) | 25 (15-27) | 6 | <0.01 |
| Multiple Rib Fractures (3+) | 21% | 33% | 22% | 4 | 0.24 |
| Hemo- or pneumothorax | 35% | 50% | 37% | 4 | 0.29 |
| Pelvic fracture | 17% | 28% | 19% | 4 | 0.33 |
| Multiple long bone fractures (2+) | 12% | 39% | 16% | 4 | <0.01 |
| Spinal Cord Injury | 15% | 17% | 16% | 4 | 1.00 |
| Traumatic Brain Injury | 48% | 56% | 49% | 0 | 0.62 |
| Transfused any product (24h) | 62% | 83% | 65% | 0 | 0.11 |
| pRBCs transfused (24h) | 2.0 (0.0-4.0) | 3.0 (2.0-7.0) | 2.0 (0.0-5.0) | 0 | 0.04 |
| Transfused platelets (24h) | 22% | 29% | 23% | 0 | 0.54 |
| Platelet units transfused (24h) | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) | 0.0 (0.0-1.0) | 0.0 (0.0-0.0) | 0 | 0.48 |
| Mortality at discharge | 10% | 22% | 12% | 0 | 0.23 |
VTE- venous thromboembolism; AIS- abbreviated injury score; GCS- Glasgow coma scale; HR- heart rate; SBP- systolic blood pressure; shock index=HR/SBP; INR- international normalized ratio; pTT- partial thromboplastin time; chemoprophylaxis defined as initiation of low-molecular weight or unfractionated heparin; pRBCs=packed red blood cells; ICU-intensive care unit