Table 3.
Mortality of mean (±SE) at different developmental stages of Arma custos at different temperature treatments
Developmental stage | Mortality Rate | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | (18 ± 1)°C | N | (22 ± 1)°C | N | (26 ± 1)°C | N | (30 ± 1)°C | |
Egg | 150 | 0 ± 0a | 150 | 0 ± 0a | 150 | 0 ± 0a | 150 | 0 ± 0a |
1st instar nymph | 123 | 0.180 ± 0.032a | 104 | 0.307 ± 0.038a | 125 | 0.167 ± 0.030ab | 136 | 0.093 ± 0.024b |
2nd instar nymph | 74 | 0.327 ± 0.038a | 79 | 0.167 ± 0.030b | 109 | 0.107 ± 0.025b | 113 | 0.153 ± 0.030b |
3rd instar nymph | 66 | 0.053 ± 0.018a | 73 | 0.040 ± 0.016a | 103 | 0.040 ± 0.016a | 103 | 0.067 ± 0.020a |
4th instar nymph | 65 | 0.007 ± 0.007a | 71 | 0.013 ± 0.009a | 101 | 0.013 ± 0.009a | 102 | 0.007 ± 0.007a |
5th instar nymph | 64 | 0.007 ± 0.007ab | 67 | 0.027 ± 0.013a | 97 | 0.027 ± 0.013a | 102 | 0 ± 0b |
Pre-adult | 64 | 0.573 ± 0.040a | 67 | 0.553 ± 0.040a | 97 | 0.353 ± 0.039b | 102 | 0.320 ± 0.038b |
Female | 31 | 0.207 ± 0.330b | 37 | 0.247 ± 0.035ab | 50 | 0.333 ± 0.038a | 47 | 0.313 ± 0.038a |
Male | 33 | 0.220 ± 0.0338bc | 30 | 0.200 ± 0.032c | 47 | 0.313 ± 0.038ab | 55 | 0.367 ± 0.039a |
The lowercase letters in the same row indicate significant differences in mortality at different developmental stages of A. custos on different temperature (P<0.05). A paired bootstrap test was used to detect statistical differences in the mortality at different stages of A. custos on different the temperatures. Standard errors were estimated from 100,000 bootstrap resampling. N represents the number of viable eggs and test insects