Table 3.
Phenolic compound contents, antioxidant, and pro-oxidant activities of different plant extracts
| Plant name | TPC (mg GAE/g dry plant) | TFC (mg RE/g plant) | TAC (mg CGE/g plant) | TCT (mg CE/g dry plant) | THT (mg TAE/g dry plant) | DPPH EC50 (mg) | H2O2 production (μM) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curcuma longa | 18.14±2.30c | 50.00±5.80a | 0 | 114.70±4.20c | 35.90±6.00a | 3.33±0.39hi | 7.53±0.51d |
| Zingiber officinale | 8.95±0.63e | 2.65±0.30fg | 0 | 24.30±3.36e | 25.40±1.90c | 29.60±0.41c | 0.58±0.08e |
| Alpinia galanga | 26.83±3.40b | 17.00±0.85c | 27.04±2.40e | 61.30±0.67d | 21.80±0.32d | 0.52±0.09i | 28.40±1.50c |
| Tamarindus indica | 33.20±0.78a | 4.66±1.00e | 117.00±2.60b | 445.00±3.45a | 21.50±0.22d | 0.35±0.00i | 48.31±3.70a |
| Cinnamomum verum | 35.50±0.50a | 1.73±0.30fgh | 250.00±15.30a | 243.00±3.35b | 30.10±1.40b | 0.81±0.07i | 39.24±0.63b |
| Syzygium aromaticum | 2.95±0.46gh | 2.80±0.20fg | 0 | 10.20±0.36h | 0.59±0.09j | 69.20±10.50b | ND |
| Apium graveolens | 13.26±1.25d | 24.30±2.00b | 1.09±0.20g | 5.66±0.22ij | 14.30±0.23e | 4.51±0.39h | ND |
| Punica granatum | 9.66±0.74e | 4.80±1.11e | 66.90±5.90d | 18.70±0.33f | 19.90±0.04d | 5.50±0.03gh | 1.09±0.07e |
| Lepidium sativum | 9.53±3.15e | 3.60±0.72ef | 0 | 1.97±0.36k | 2.33±0.05ij | 4.40±0.40h | ND |
| Raphanus sativus | 12.89±0.45d | 0.42±0.07h | 0 | 2.49±0.08jk | 8.26±0.26fg | 8.50±1.48fg | ND |
| Eruca sativa | 7.59±2.10ef | 2.80±0.00fg | 0 | 5.10±0.30ijk | 4.00±0.10hi | 20.10±3.14d | ND |
| Brassica rapa var. rapa | 7.50±1.30ef | 2.26±0.25fgh | 3.10±0.90g | 3.96±0.20ijk | 9.90±0.15f | 0.43±0.02i | ND |
| Brassica oleracea | 12.64±0.38d | 1.75±0.25fgh | 0 | 5.80±0.04i | 10.10±0.60f | 13.43±1.53e | ND |
| Brassica oleracea var. botrytis | 7.82±0.65ef | 1.11±0.20gh | 0 | 3.10±0.07ijk | 9.70±1.10f | 10.80±0.77ef | ND |
| Hibiscus cannabinus | 5.28±0.13fg | 9.66±0.61d | 0 | 1.74±0.12k | 5.70±0.23gh | 19.29±0.66d | ND |
| Hibiscus sabdariffa | 1.14±0.19h | 2.90±0.17fg | 92.14±10.10c | 2.39±0.16jk | 3.30±0.24hij | 123.20±9.78a | ND |
| Gossypium arboreum | 1.70±0.34h | 4.73±0.70e | 12.00±2.40f | 13.74±0.39g | 1.60±0.19ij | 8.69±0.04fg | ND |
Values are presented as mean±SD.
Means with different letters (a-k) within the same column are significantly different at P<0.05.
TPC, total phenol content; TFC, total flavonoid content; TAC, total anthocyanin content; TCT, total condensed tannin; THT, total hydrolyzed tannin; DPPH, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical; EC50, the concentration of the extract which is required to scavenge 50% of DPPH free radicals; GAE, gallic acid equivalents; RE, rutin equivalents; CGE, cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents; CE, catechin equivalents; TAE, tannic acid equivalents; ND, not detected.