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. 2022 Oct 18;10:e14148. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14148

Table 3. Anatomical element and animal carcass size of the tooth marked specimens from DS 22B and probability of classification of each tooth mark yielded by the most successful CNN models (ResNet 50 model and VGG19 transfer learning architectures).

Pits VGG19 RESNET 50
Label Element Animal size Prob. Hyena Prob. Lion Prob. Hyena Prob. Lion Classificaton
410 metacarpal 3 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
1020a tibia 3 0.999 0.001 0.983 0.017 Hyena
1020b tibia 3 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
1422 caudal vertebra 0.999 0.001 0.384 0.616 Discarded
1445a metapodial 4–5 0.765 0.235 0.98 0.02 Hyena
2476 metacarpal 3 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
2560 tibia 3 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
2590 rib 3 0.964 0.036 0.11 0.89 Discarded
2880 humerus 1 0.814 0.186 0.979 0.021 Hyena
2945 humerus 3 0.992 0.008 0.997 0.003 Hyena
3121a metatarsal 3 0.879 0.121 0.645 0.355 Hyena
3112b thoracic vertebra 1 0.999 0.001 0.989 0.011 Hyena
3112c thoracic vertebra 1 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
3125a tibia 3 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
3125b tibia 3 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
3492 rib 3 0.999 0.001 0.937 0.063 Hyena
3753b radius 3 0.999 0.001 0.999 0.001 Hyena
4288 mandible 3 0.01 0.99 0.01 0.99 Lion
4487 rib 2 0.999 0.001 0.971 0.029 Hyena
1756 indet 3 0.999 0.001 0.976 0.024 Hyena