Fig. 1.

Phylogenomic analysis and ecological distribution of Acetothermia MAGs recovered from SO subsurface fracture waters. (A) ML phylogenetic reconstruction of MAGs recovered in this study in comparison with those recovered from previous studies, with type I MAGs from the SO highlighted in orange and type II MAGs highlighted in blue. The year of the sample is shown, followed by the well designation from which the MAGs were recovered. Biomass from fracture waters was collected from 50-m (NSHQ14B) and 85-m (NSHQ14C) depths from NSHQ14 in 2017. The three proposed orders for the Acetothermia/Bipolaricualaeota are shown on the far right. Branch length is scaled to that shown in the lower left for expected substitutions per site. Bootstrap values >90% (out of 1,000 bootstraps) are indicated by black circles. Thermotogae representatives were used as the outgroup including Petrotoga mobilis SJ95, Thermotoga petrophila RKU-1, and Mesotoga inferna. (B) The abundances of types I and II populations are shown as the percentage of total metagenome reads mapped to either MAG type for each 2017 metagenome. The 2015 and 2020 metagenomes were not used for abundance calculations, given their relatively low sequencing depth and limited sampling scope, respectively. Metagenomes are arranged by the fluid type designation of their well waters and then ordered by ascending pH values for well waters, as indicated in parentheses next to each metagenome.