. 2022 Oct 19;44(1):1717–1731. doi: 10.1080/0886022X.2022.2133728

Table 3.

Performance of IL-18 for AKI diagnosis in studies included in the meta-analysis.

Study	Time of obtaining specimen	TP	FP	FN	TN	Cutoff value (pg/ml)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	AUROC (95%CI)	Assess time (h)
Parikh et al. [26]	Day 0, 1, and 3	38	29	14	57	25	74	66	0.731	24
Parikh et al. [20]	Every 2 h for the first 12 h and then once every 12 h	5	1	15	34	50	25	97	0.61	4
		10	2	10	33	50	50	94	0.75	12
		12	4	8	31	20	60	89	0.73	24
Washburn et al. [27]	2 PM each day	39	7	64	27	75	38	78	0.54 (0.31–0.77)	24
Washburn et al. [27]	2 PM each day	55	10	48	24	75	53	71	0.61 (0.43–0.78)	48
Ling et al. [48]	24 h after CA	9	7	4	20	15.8	69	74	0.75 (0.58–0.92)	24
Haase et al. [44]	6 h after CPB	2	40	10	40	150	50	50	0.53 (0.38–0.68)	6
Gul et al. [43]	24 h after CA/PCI	5	6	10	30	0.29	33	83	0.52 (0.37–0.66)	24
Xin et al. [41]	2 h after cardiac surgery	7	2	2	22	2200	78	91	0.89	2
Liangos et al. [28]	2 h after CPB	10	31	3	59	92	75	66	0.66 (0.49–0.83)	2
Liang et al. [45]	6 h after CPB	13	16	17	76	60^a	43	83	0.61 (0.52–0.70)	6
Liang et al. [45]	12h after CPB	23	58	7	34	50^a	77	37	0.62 (0.53–0.70)	12
Endre et al. [29]	Admission	50	83	97	293	36^b	34	78	0.62 (0.56–0.67)	0
Parikh et al. [30,31]	Admission	37	83	16	175	125	69	68	0.72 (0.64–0.80)	48
Parikh et al. [30,31]	Admission, every 6 h	32	209	28	950	60	54	82	0.74 (0.66–0.81)	48
Doi et al. [42]	Within 12 h of ICU admission	31	56	35	152	133.8	47	73	0.59 (0.51–0.67)	12
Chen et al. [32]	Admission	22	17	22	90	70	50	84	0.621 (0.504–0.738)	48
Nickolas et al. [46]	Within 12 h of ICU or emergency department admission	56	398	40	740	36	58	65	0.64 (0.57–0.70)	12
Torregrosa et al. [47]	12 h after CA	8	21	4	56	202	67	73	0.73 (0.57–0.89)	24
Torregrosa et al. [47]	12h after heart surgery	9	13	5	19	249	64	60	0.68 (0.49–0.86)	24
Li et al. [33]	48 h admission later	7	4	4	47	1800^c	64	92	0.72 (0.52–0.93)	48
Sirota et al. [34]	24 h after orthotopic liver transplantation	5	7	2	26	NA	72	79	0.749	24
Zheng et al. [35]	0, 4, 6, 12, and 24 h after the initiation of CPB	28	11	1	18	49	96.6	62.1	0.835 (0.729–0.940)	4
Morales-Buenrostro et al. [36]	AKI: 3 days before and until 2 days after the diagnosis Non-AKI: 1, 5 and 10 days after admission	16	0	1	20	150	92	100	0.92	48
Morales-Buenrostro et al. [36]		15	1	2	19	120	88	95	0.93	24
Nisula et al. [37]	Admission and 24 h later	103	260	165	911	65	38.4	77.8	0.586 (0.546–0.627)	24
Ren et al. [38]	Admission and 48 h later	11	21	0	26	6.39	100	56	0.819 (0.714–0.923)	0
Wybraniec et al. [39]	Within 24 h before and 6 h after CA/ PCI	5	20	4	76	118.2	56	88	0.75	6
Hayashi et al. [40]	The start of anesthesia, the period of aortic cross-clamping, the period of aortic declamping, the end of the surgery, and on POD	50	175	17	300	18.5	75	63	0.72 (0.66–0.79)	0
Al-Saegh et al. [50]	24, 48, and 72 h after admitted in ICU	26	3	4	45	15.63	87.5	94.4	0.946	24
Tan et al. [49]	0, 4, 12, 24, and 48 h after ureteroscopic lithotripsy	28	6	8	115	26.44	78.6	94.7	0.881 (0.815–0.947)	12

IL: interleukin; AKI: acute kidney injury; TP: true positive; FP: false positive; FN: false negative; TN: true negative; AUROC: area under the receiver operating curve; CI: confidence interval; CA: coronary angiography; CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass; ICU: intensive care unit; CA/PCI: coronary angiography/percutaneous coronary interventions; NA: not available; POD: post-operative day.

^{^a}

ng/mg UCr.

^{^b}

(pg/ml)/mmol/l Cr.

^{^c}

pg/mg UCr.