Table 3.

Epigenome-wide associations of maternal adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy (rMED) and offspring cord blood DNA methylation level for cytosine–phosphate–guanine sites (P < 1 × 10⁻⁵).

MarkerName	Effecta	SEa	P value	Directionb	I2	Chr	Position	Gene Region	Relation to Island	Nearest Gene	Polymorphic	mQTL	FDR
cg23757341	0.0601	0.0114	1.19E-07	++++++	49	12	1,725,036	TSS1500	OpenSea	WNT5B	No	No	0.0510
cg09738156	−0.0880	0.0185	2.02E-06	– –	0	3	183,543,587	TSS200	Island	MAP6D1	No	Yes	0.2789
cg20348703	0.1918	0.0405	2.25E-06	+??+++	0	2	74,619,566	Body	S_Shore	DCTN1-AS1	Yes	Yes	0.2789
cg26053358	−0.0491	0.0106	3.87E-06	– –	53	11	2,397,576	TSS1500	N_Shore	CD81	Yes	No	0.2789
cg11894854	0.1581	0.0343	3.94E-06	++++++	7.7	10	5,237,853	TSS1500	OpenSea	AKR1C4	No	Yes	0.2789
cg13477178	0.0719	0.0156	4.15E-06	+++-++	0	10	375,248	Body	S_Shelf	DIP2C	Yes	Yes	0.2789
cg11747820	0.0563	0.0123	4.54E-06	++++++	0	1	29,584,023	Body	N_Shore	PTPRU	Yes	No	0.2789
cg07203767	0.0878	0.0194	6.02E-06	++++++	30	2	242,973,721		OpenSea	LINC01881	No	No	0.3234
cg26664457	−0.1193	0.0269	9.60E-06	– –	22	17	47,394,423	Body	OpenSea	ZNF652	No	No	0.4114

^aEffect size and SE are presented as percentage change in DNA methylation per 1-point increase in the rMEDp score.

^bCohorts are ordered as follows: ALSPAC, Generation R, Healthy Start Hispanic, Healthy Start non-Hispanic White, INMA, Project Viva.

EWAS was adjusted for sex + maternal educational level + maternal age + maternal smoking + maternal BMI + maternal total energy intake + batch + cell types.