Table 3.
Data extraction results.
| Author and year | Study design | Recurrence rate (95% CI) | Adenoma type | Population | Follow-up | Clinical factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Langlois et al. (2018) | Retrospective single-center study | 36% for silent corticotroph adenomas, 10% for silent gonadotroph adenomas, P=0.001 | Silent corticotroph adenomas versus silent gonadotroph adenomas | 814 pituitary surgeries | >5 years | |
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| Watts et al. (2017) | Retrospective analysis | 12.5% (6/48; P=0.003) | Nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas | 143 patients | 12 months | |
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| Jahangiri et al. (2013) | Retrospective analysis | 34% for strongly ACTH-positive type I SCAs, 10% for weakly ACTH-positive type II SCAs | Silent corticotroph adenomas | 75 patients | >3 years | |
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| Alahmadi et al. (2012) | Retrospective analysis | 14% for silent corticotroph adenomas, 10% for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas | Silent corticotroph adenomas nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas | 20 patients | 41 months | |
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| Ioachimescu et al. (2012) | Retrospective cohort study | 6.0% | Silent corticotroph adenomas | 33 | 42.5 months | |
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| Reddy et al. (2011) | Comparative study | 23.1% (5 years), 46.7% (10 years) 67.9% (15 years) | Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFAs) | 155 patients | 6.5 years | Pituitary tumor remnant after the first postoperative scan (P ≤ 0.001) younger age at initial surgery (P=0.034) |
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| Cho et al. (2010) | Comparative study | 25.0% for silent corticotroph adenomas and 26.9% for nonsilent corticotroph adenomas (P=0.839) | Silent corticotroph adenomas | 28 patients | 5.2 years | Young patients had a higher frequency of multiple and late recurrences with more aggressive tumor behavior |
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| Cooper et al. (2010) | Cohort analysis | 54% for SCAs 17% for nonfunctioning adenomas (P < 0.025) | Silent corticotroph adenomas and nonfunctioning adenomas | 25 SCA 84 nonfunctioning adenomas | 1–15 years | |
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| Brochier et al. (2010) | Retrospective study | 24% for those who initially had complete macroscopic resection, 47% for initial surgical remnant | Nonfunctioning adenomas | 142 patients | 6.9 years | Initial complete macroscopic resection, initial surgical treatment |
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| Raverot et al. (2010) | Cohort study | 20% | Pituitary tumor | 94 patients | 138 ± 46 months | |
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| Lindsay et al. (2011) | Retrospective analysis | 12% | Cushing's disease | 331 patients | 10.5 ± 0.3 years | |
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| Chang et al. (2010) | Retrospective analysis | 8% | Inactive pituitary macroadenomas (EIA) | 81 patients | 5 years | |
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| Brady et al. (2021) | Retrospective analysis | 3% | Cushing's disease | 39 patients | 24 months | |
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| Jang et al. (2016) | Retrospective analysis | 19% | Pituitary adenoma | 331 patients | 68.5 months | |
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| Ciric et al. (2012) | Retrospective study | 9.67% | Cushing's disease | 136 patients | >12 months | Recurrence rates increased with the passage of time, mean immediate postoperative plasma cortisol (IPPC) of >2.0 μg/dL |
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| Jung et al. (2012) | Retrospective study | 32.4% (5 years) 54.6% (10 years) | Cushing's disease | 54 patients | 50.7 months | Recurrence rate increases with time and possibly increases the preoperative serum cortisol level and pathologic confirmation of adenoma |
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| Barbot et al. (2013) | Retrospective analysis | 42.11% (40 months) | Cushing's disease | 57 patients | 40 months | |
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| Alwani et al. (2010) | Retrospective analysis | 20% | Cushing's disease | 79 patients | 84 months | |
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| Ammini et al. (2011) | Prospective study | 18.5% | Cushing's disease | 97 patients | 2.9 ± 2.1 years | |
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| Ambrogio et al. (2017) | Prospective study | 23% | Cushing's disease | 56 patients | Most patients who had successful adenomectomy did not respond to desmopressin after surgery | |
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| Espinosa-de-Los-Monteros et al. (2017) | Retrospective cohort study | 26% | Cushing's disease | 84 patients | 6.3 years | |
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| Mayberg et al. (2018) | Single-center retrospective cohort analysis | 9.5% | Cushing's disease | 69 patients | 43.5 months | Immediate reoperation is associated with low recurrence rates |
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| Shirvani et al. (2016) | Retrospective analysis | 21.9% | Cushing's disease | 96 patients | 44 months | Age, preoperative basal cortisol levels, and follow-up duration influenced recurrence (there was a significant negative correlation between the patient's age and the follow-up period) |
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| Johnston et al. (2017) | Prospective analysis | 7% | Cushing's disease | 101 patients | 4.33 years | Presence of macroadenoma and tumor extension beyond the pituitary and sella were predictive of risk of late recurrence |
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| Almeida et al. (2020) | Retrospective study | 34% for GTR 39.5% for subtotal resection | Pituitary adenoma | 98 patients | Median 144 months | |
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| Dimopoulou et al. (2014) | Retrospective analysis | 34% (54 months) | Cushing's disease | 85 patients | 79 months | Higher recurrence rates of CD after first TSS |
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| Bou et al. (2011) | Retrospective analysis | 20.8% | Cushing's disease | 101 patients | 44.7 months | A positive response to vasopressin analogs and/or CRH tests occurs early in recurrence |
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| Feng et al. (2018) | Single-center retrospective analysis | 2.42% | Cushing's disease | 197 patients | 12 to 36 months | |
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| Maletkovic et al. (2019) | Retrospective analysis | 9.4% | Nonfunctioning pituitary Tumors | 85 patients | ||
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| Bansal et al. (2017) | Retrospective analysis | 32% | Cushing's disease | 151 patients | 74 ± 61.1 months | |
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| Chandler et al. (2016) | Retrospective analysis | 17% (4 years) | Cushing's disease | 219 patients | 4 years | |