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. 2022 Oct 21;12:17643. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-22271-4

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Algal abundance (a) and biomass (b) displayed as averages per sampling site (MIT = Mittivakkat, BR = Bruckner Glacier, HE = Heim Glacier). Coloured bars indicate the algal group contributions to overall total abundance and biomass with corresponding standard deviation bars on top. Colours indicate relative contributions by glacier ice algae (A. nordenskiöldii and A. alaskanum) and red snow algae (Chlamydomonadales sp.). Unequal lowercase letters indicate significant differences between sites.