Figure 10.

Kinouchi-Copelli neuron as the U(1) neuron in discrete time steps. (A) Without external stimuli, the neuron is excitable with a stable fixed point (state 0) denoting the resting state. (B) In the presence of external stimuli, by either external or synaptic currents, the neuron fires and the phase swings to $\phi =0$ with maximum potential. (C) After firing, the neuron enters the refractory states denoted by states $2,3,\cdots ,q-1$ and eventually returns to the rest state.