Table 3.
Multivariable analysis of the impact of clozapine on the onset of appendicitis
| Variables | Univariate | Multivariable | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds | 95% CI | p-value | Odds | 95% CI | p-value | |
| Sex (Woman vs. Man) | 1.056 | 0.294–3.794 | .933 | - | - | - |
| Presence of a history of clozapine exposure (Yes vs. No) | 6.583 | 1.851–23.419 | .004 | 6.458 | 1.674–24.915 | .007 |
| Age at the start of treatment for schizophrenia (years old) | 0.910 | 0.832–0.993 | .034 | 0.918 | 0.835–1.010 | .078 |
| Length of the disease duration (years) | 0.966 | 0.908–1.029 | .285 | - | - | - |
| Coexistence of diabetes mellitus (Yes vs. No) | 1.450 × 10–6 | 0– - | .990 | - | - | - |
| Regular user of anticholinergic drugs (Yes vs. No) | 0.682 | 0.143–3.258 | .632 | - | - | - |
| Regular user of benzodiazepines (Yes vs. No) | 3.678 | 0.461–29.320 | .219 | - | - | - |
| Regular user of corticosteroids (Yes vs. No) | 7.111 | 0.791–63.967 | .080 | 9.739 | 0.863–109.853 | .066 |
| Regular user of mood stabilizers (Yes vs. No) | 0.704 | 0.088–5.656 | .742 | - | - | - |
| Regular user of laxatives (Yes vs. No) | 4.101 | 1.046–16.073 | .043 | - | - | - |
| Regular user of NaSSA (Yes vs. No) | 5.506 | 0.629–48.167 | .123 | - | - | - |
| Regular user of NSAIDS (Yes vs. No) | 2.824 | 0.579–13.788 | .199 | 4.840 | 0.866–27.035 | .072 |
| Regular user of SSRI/SNRI (Yes vs. No) | 1.423 × 10–6 | 0– - | .989 | - | - | - |
| Regular user of TCA (Yes vs. No) | 8.899 × 104 | 0– - | .990 | - | - | - |
Statistically significant values (p < .05) are given in bold
CLZ The clozapine exposure group, non-CLZ The clozapine non-exposure group, SNRIs Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, SSRIs Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, NaSSA Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant, NSAIDs Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, TCA Tricyclic antidepressants