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. 2022 Oct 22;32:45. doi: 10.1038/s41533-022-00311-w

Table 2.

Quality assessment of randomized controlled trials examining the effects of e-cigarettes on lung function, as defined by the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool (version 1).

Random sequence generation Allocation concealment Blinding of participants and personnel Blinding of outcome assessment Incomplete outcome data Selective reporting Other bias
Ferrari 2015 Unclear Unclear Low Low Unclear Low High
Boulay 2017 Unclear Unclear Low Unclear Low Unclear Unclear
Staudt 2018 Unclear Unclear Low Unclear Low Low Low