Figure 1.

TRF alleviates HFHFD-induced NASH. (a) Body weights of mice measured at 0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks in the present experiment; ^∗FA vs. FT and ^#FA vs. NA. (b) An IPGTT test was performed at the end of 12 weeks, and the corresponding area under the curve was calculated to assess differences among the four groups; ^∗FA vs. FT and ^#FA vs. NA. (c, d) Serum and liver TG, TC, and FFA levels are depicted to demonstrate lipid concentrations in the various groups. (e) Serum ALT and AST were measured to evaluate the levels of liver injury. (f) Pathologic findings in liver sections. Liver paraffin sections were stained with H&E (original magnification, 200x; scale bar, 100 μm), oil red O (original magnification, 400x; scale bar, 50 μm), and Sirius red (original magnification, 100x; scale bar, 200 μm) to determine the levels of steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ^∗P < 0.05, ^∗∗P < 0.01, ^∗∗∗P < 0.001, ^∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001, and ^####P < 0.0001; ns: not significant (also refer to Figure S1).