Table 3.
Additional Treatments or Medications for Nursing Home Residents in Persistent Pain in 2008 According to Analgesic Prescribing (N = 18,526)
| Treatment | Received Prescription Opioid or NSAID, n = 15,432, n (%) | Did Not Receive Prescription Opioid or NSAID, n = 3,094, n (%) | Chi-Square Statistic P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle relaxant | <.001 | ||
| No | 14,034 (90.9) | 2,972 (96.1) | |
| Yes | 1,398 (9.1) | 122 (3.9) | |
| Corticosteroid | <.001 | ||
| No | 13,856 (89.8) | 2,917 (94.3) | |
| Yes | 1,576 (10.2) | 177 (5.7) | |
| Gabapentin with pregabalin | <.001 | ||
| No | 11,392 (73.8) | 2,668 (86.2) | |
| Yes | 4,040 (26.2) | 425 (13.7) | |
| Antidepressant | <.001 | ||
| No | 4,806 (31.1) | 1,591 (51.4) | |
| Yes | 10,626 (68.9) | 1,503 (48.6) | |
| Antipsychotic | .07 | ||
| No | 12,320 (79.8) | 2,515 (81.3) | |
| Yes | 3,112 (20.2) | 579 (18.7) | |
| Mood stabilizer, anticonvulsant | <.001 | ||
| No | 11,222 (72.7) | 2,607 (84.3) | |
| Yes | 4,210 (27.3) | 487 (15.7) | |
| Antianxiety | <.001 | ||
| No | 14,857 (96.3) | 3,030 (97.9) | |
| Yes | 575 (3.7) | 64 (2.1) | |
| Physical therapy (≥1 days)a | .27 | ||
| No | 11,318 (92.0) | 2,338 (91.4) | |
| Yes | 982 (8.0) | 221 (8.6) |
NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
a
Excluded 3,667 (19.8%) observations without physical therapy recorded.