Table 1.

Descriptive Statistics of HOB Rate and Bivariate Analysis Results

Variables	Admissions	HOB Events	HOB Rate per 100 Admissions
			Lower Quartile	Median	Upper Quartile	Mean	SD	P Value
Overall	9,202,650	18,747	0.000	0.124	0.222	0.152	0.171
Year								.1108
2015	345,954	844	0.052	0.140	0.250	0.175	0.168
2016	1,719,915	3,741	0.000	0.128	0.234	0.160	0.174
2017	2,049,727	3,953	0.027	0.126	0.213	0.147	0.152
2018	2,314,695	4,498	0.000	0.121	0.218	0.147	0.163
2019	2,265,115	4,585	0.000	0.121	0.221	0.151	0.190
2020	507,244	1,126	0.000	0.124	0.230	0.156	0.161
COB rate per 100 admissions								<.0001
1st quartile	2,106,482	3,026	0.000	0.049	0.144	0.098	0.148
2nd quartile	2,726,188	5,512	0.067	0.140	0.229	0.162	0.140
3rd quartile	2,516,053	6,190	0.070	0.153	0.254	0.185	0.185
4th quartile	1,853,927	4,019	0.000	0.140	0.234	0.163	0.191
ICU admissions, %								<.0001
Not reported	391,894	1,176	0.000	0.097	0.246	0.207	0.326
1st quartile	1,604,752	2,268	0.000	0.063	0.154	0.099	0.154
2nd quartile	2,639,107	4,113	0.071	0.137	0.208	0.149	0.112
3rd quartile	2,283,445	4,838	0.047	0.137	0.240	0.159	0.144
4th quartile	2,283,452	6,352	0.000	0.156	0.271	0.181	0.167
Test prevalence								<.0001
1st quartile	2,539,201	4,005	0.000	0.084	0.185	0.118	0.130
2nd quartile	2,570,229	4,899	0.053	0.138	0.219	0.152	0.133
3rd quartile	2,533,628	6,268	0.074	0.160	0.255	0.188	0.180
4th quartile	1,559,592	3,575	0.000	0.109	0.212	0.150	0.217
CO testing prevalence								.1907
1st quartile	2,647,568	4,314	0.000	0.096	0.196	0.125	0.136
2nd quartile	2,688,690	6,010	0.062	0.145	0.241	0.183	0.215
3rd quartile	2,458,568	5,860	0.070	0.159	0.253	0.182	0.166
4th quartile	1,407,824	2,563	0.000	0.087	0.182	0.118	0.143
HO testing prevalence								<.0001
1st quartile	1,492,842	1,769	0.000	0.000	0.090	0.060	0.110
2nd quartile	1,983,166	2,440	0.000	0.085	0.155	0.102	0.105
3rd quartile	2,435,148	4,349	0.086	0.150	0.225	0.161	0.115
4th quartile	3,291,494	10,189	0.157	0.245	0.354	0.284	0.227
Test intensity								<.0001
Not calculated a	2,009	0	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
1st quartile	1,344,262	2,329	0.000	0.000	0.131	0.083	0.166
2nd quartile	1,831,097	2,602	0.000	0.093	0.172	0.111	0.113
3rd quartile	2,588,338	4,551	0.080	0.148	0.227	0.160	0.112
4th quartile	3,436,944	9,265	0.127	0.217	0.333	0.256	0.216
CO testing intensity								<.0001
Not calculated a	2,009	0	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
1st quartile	2,553,321	7,138	0.000	0.155	0.288	0.20	0.239
2nd quartile	2,595,848	5,248	0.048	0.139	0.238	0.16	0.141
3rd quartile	2,070,811	3,050	0.000	0.098	0.183	0.12	0.124
4th quartile	1,980,661	3,311	0.000	0.110	0.203	0.13	0.144
HO testing intensity								<.0001
Not calculated a	2,009	0	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000
1st quartile	754,629	448	0.000	0.000	0.068	0.05	0.095
2nd quartile	1,762,768	2,074	0.000	0.097	0.159	0.11	0.112
3rd quartile	2,821,882	4,717	0.087	0.151	0.223	0.16	0.105
4th quartile	3,861,362	11,508	0.163	0.256	0.366	0.29	0.226
Average LOS								<.0001
1st quartile	986,567	900	0.000	0.000	0.118	0.069	0.106
2nd quartile	2,228,773	3,070	0.046	0.115	0.184	0.125	0.115
3rd quartile	2,812,385	4,787	0.071	0.142	0.225	0.155	0.115
4th quartile	3,174,925	9,990	0.105	0.230	0.354	0.259	0.245
Sex, female, %								<.0001
1st quartile	2,558,016	7,124	0.078	0.173	0.305	0.220	0.237
2nd quartile	2,750,286	5,687	0.044	0.134	0.238	0.156	0.140
3rd quartile	2,344,363	3,770	0.000	0.117	0.192	0.133	0.131
4th quartile	1,549,985	2,166	0.000	0.072	0.164	0.098	0.125
Patients aged 18–40 y, %								.3053
1st quartile	1,441,315	2,895	0.000	0.083	0.213	0.145	0.238
2nd quartile	2,527,501	4,340	0.056	0.131	0.209	0.143	0.119
3rd quartile	3,043,248	6,505	0.068	0.146	0.246	0.168	0.137
4th quartile	2,190,586	5,007	0.000	0.111	0.226	0.152	0.163
Patients aged 41–64 y, %								<.0001
1st quartile	1,485,852	2,032	0.000	0.060	0.159	0.096	0.148
2nd quartile	2,353,286	3,463	0.041	0.124	0.196	0.134	0.120
3rd quartile	2,389,590	4,116	0.044	0.129	0.207	0.142	0.128
4th quartile	2,973,922	9,136	0.067	0.204	0.347	0.236	0.231
Patients aged 65–80 y, %								<.0001
1st quartile	2,303,940	5,775	0.000	0.131	0.261	0.170	0.170
2nd quartile	2,619,330	5,123	0.040	0.134	0.225	0.148	0.132
3rd quartile	2,641,306	4,779	0.041	0.128	0.214	0.142	0.126
4th quartile	1,638,074	3,070	0.000	0.100	0.209	0.147	0.233
Patients aged >80 y, %								<.0001
1st quartile	2,980,076	8,973	0.060	0.176	0.338	0.227	0.230
2nd quartile	2,512,598	4,295	0.052	0.133	0.220	0.145	0.118
3rd quartile	2,248,231	3,288	0.000	0.116	0.191	0.128	0.147
4th quartile	1,461,745	2,191	0.000	0.073	0.178	0.108	0.141
Bed size (3-category)								<.0001
< 100 beds	597,381	484	0.000	0.000	0.108	0.069	0.161
100–300 beds	3,374,473	5,606	0.055	0.128	0.216	0.157	0.170
> 300 beds	5,230,796	12,657	0.127	0.201	0.301	0.227	0.141
Bed size (refined grouping)								<.0001
1–50 beds	147,420	78	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.054	0.200
51–100 beds	449,961	406	0.000	0.000	0.144	0.085	0.109
101–200 beds	1,395,467	1,889	0.000	0.106	0.186	0.129	0.129
201–300 beds	1,979,006	3,717	0.085	0.151	0.242	0.193	0.205
301–500 beds	3,051,740	5,877	0.113	0.168	0.252	0.196	0.127
≥500 beds	2,179,056	6,780	0.201	0.285	0.379	0.300	0.147
Medical school affiliation								<.0001
No	3,246,090	4,823	0.000	0.077	0.176	0.108	0.144
Yes	5,956,560	13,924	0.097	0.168	0.282	0.212	0.185
Urban or rural								<.0001
Rural	2,401,605	4,230	0.000	0.073	0.185	0.119	0.174
Urban	6,801,045	14,517	0.059	0.143	0.242	0.170	0.166

Note. CO, community-onset; COB, community-onset bacteremia; HO, hospital-onset; HOB, hospital-onset bacteremia; ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay; SD, standard deviation.

^aDue to zero denominator.