Table 1.

Currently recommended cutoff points for sarcopenia based on the consensus definitions by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2) in 2018, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) in 2019, and the Sarcopenia Definition and Outcomes Consortium (SDOC) in 2020. The EWGSOP2 cutoffs are based on Western populations, whereas AWGS cutoffs come from Asian populations.

Assessment	Test	Test description	EWGSOP2 cut-off points for men	EWGSOP2 cut-off points for women	AWGS cut-off points for men	AWGS cut-off points for women	SDOC cut-off points for men	SDOC cut-off points for women
Muscle Strength	Grip strength	Measuring grip strength using a calibrated handheld dynamometer, usually a Jamar dynamometer.	<27 kg	<16 kg	<28 kg	<18 kg	<35.5 kg	<20 kg
	Chair stand/rise	Measuring time needed to rise five times from a seated position without using arms.	>15 s for five rises		≥12 s		No recommendations
Physical Performance	Gait speed	Measuring time needed to walk 3–10 meters at a comfortable pace.	≤0.8 m/s (usually 4-meter walk)		<1.0 m/s (usually 6-meter walk)		<0.8 m/s
	SPPB	Scoring based on balance while standing, gait speed test, and chair stand test.	≤8 points		≤9 points		No recommendations
	TUG	Measuring time needed to rise from chair, walk 3 meters, turn around, walk back to chair, and sit down again.	≥20 s		No recommendations		No recommendations
	400-meter walk	Measuring time needed to complete 20 laps of 20 meters as fast as possible with up to 2 rest stops as needed.	Non-completion or ≥6 min for completion		No recommendations		No recommendations

SPPB, short physical performance battery; TUG, timed-up-and-go; kg, kilograms; s, seconds; m, meters; min, minutes.