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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Midwifery. 2022 Aug 6;114:103452. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103452

Table 1:

Participant demographic characteristics

Variable Mean SD Range

Pre-pregnancy BMI 26.80 6.73 17.10-51.85
Age 30.85 4.86 19-42
Number of pregnancies 1.72 2.14 0-11
Number of births 1.01 1.32 0-8

N %

Employment status
Full time 81 57
Part-time 16 11.3
Unemployed/ homemaker 27 19
Student 4 2.8
Education
Some high school 3 2.1
High school graduate/ GED 12 9.2
Vocational training 3 2.1
Some college/ Associate’s degree 25 17.6
College (Bachelor’s) degree 33 23.2
Graduate degree 54 38
Marital Status
Married 100 70.4
Living with partner 13 9.2
Separated/ divorced 1 .7
Widowed 2 1.4
Single/ not married 12 10.6
Insurance Provider
Public 21 14.8
Private 107 75.4
Income
Under $50,000 34 23.9
$50,000-100,000 45 31.7
Over $100,000 42 29.6
Self-reported Race
White 101 71.1
Black 23 16.2
Other 7 4.9