Table 2.
The number of prevalence cases and ASPR of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in 1990 and 2019 and its EAPC.
| 1990 | 2019 | 1990–2019 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics |
Prevalence cases (*10∧6) (95% UI) |
ASPR (per 100,000) (95% UI) |
Prevalence cases (*10∧6) (95% UI) |
ASPR (per 100,000) (95% UI) |
EAPC of ASPR (95% CI) |
| Global | 19.79 (16.93–22.79) | 645.89 (552.86–743.62) | 51.62 (44.28–59.02) | 682.48 (585.2–782.73) | 0.2 (0.18 to 0.21) |
| Gender | |||||
| Males | 6.77 (5.71–7.83) | 547.5 (463.19–631.56) | 18.7 (15.78–21.51) | 585.87 (497.37–672.86) | 0.26 (0.24 to 0.28) |
| Females | 13.02 (11.17–14.96) | 703.9 (605.24–809.19) | 32.92 (28.43–37.72) | 748.15 (646.36–856.85) | 0.21 (0.2 to 0.23) |
| Sociodemographic index | |||||
| Low | 0.75 (0.64–0.87) | 515.21 (440.9–594.89) | 1.83 (1.56–2.1) | 514.75 (440.15–591.04) | 0.01 (0 to 0.03) |
| Low-middle | 1.96 (1.68–2.26) | 513.81 (439.5–593.94) | 5.64 (4.8–6.5) | 530.64 (453.38–611.28) | 0.09 (0.08 to 0.1) |
| Middle | 4.06 (3.45–4.7) | 589.56 (504.16–680.86) | 13.37 (11.32–15.46) | 666.73 (565.41–768.83) | 0.32 (0.28 to 0.36) |
| High-middle | 5.75 (4.85–6.66) | 682.34 (577.51–789.53) | 14.56 (12.35–16.87) | 739.18 (626.68–855.07) | 0.26 (0.24 to 0.28) |
| High | 7.26 (6.22–8.34) | 692.75 (598.34–792.76) | 16.2 (14.05–18.36) | 721.43 (627.54–817.7) | 0.23 (0.2 to 0.26) |
| 21 GBD regions | |||||
| Central Asia | 0.26 (0.22–0.31) | 699.37 (589.17–811.44) | 0.34 (0.29–0.4) | 716.26 (605.71–834.99) | 0.1 (0.08 to 0.13) |
| Central Europe | 0.92 (0.76–1.08) | 735.33 (615.6–856.54) | 1.74 (1.45–2.03) | 761.23 (636.83–884.61) | 0.14 (0.13 to 0.14) |
| Eastern Europe | 1.58 (1.31–1.87) | 683.38 (568.49–801.74) | 2.52 (2.11–2.97) | 717.09 (600.77–837.07) | 0.23 (0.19 to 0.26) |
| Australasia | 0.15 (0.13–0.17) | 681.73 (584.78–782.18) | 0.38 (0.32–0.44) | 674.23 (574.91–778.88) | −0.02 (−0.03 to −0.01) |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 1.11 (0.96–1.29) | 649.53 (556.92–750.35) | 4.58 (3.88–5.31) | 773.2 (662.42–891.86) | 0.69 (0.64 to 0.73) |
| High-income North America | 2.98 (2.52–3.45) | 795.59 (675.14–916.53) | 5.44 (4.85–5.97) | 773.57 (690.32–849.66) | 0.06 (0 to 0.12) |
| Southern Latin America | 0.25 (0.21–0.3) | 637.38 (535.38–739.47) | 0.58 (0.49–0.68) | 670.68 (567.9–776.55) | 0.19 (0.18 to 0.2) |
| Western Europe | 3.89 (3.36–4.43) | 646.9 (562.24–731.98) | 7.32 (6.23–8.48) | 651.29 (557.74–752.35) | 0.04 (0.02 to 0.05) |
| Andean Latin America | 0.09 (0.08–0.1) | 520.49 (448.14–597.87) | 0.29 (0.25–0.34) | 558.72 (481.3–642.17) | 0.25 (0.23 to 0.26) |
| Caribbean | 0.12 (0.1–0.14) | 514.03 (442.79–590.87) | 0.28 (0.24–0.32) | 530.93 (457.42–607.2) | 0.11 (0.1 to 0.12) |
| Central Latin America | 0.36 (0.31–0.41) | 541.69 (464.48–626.82) | 1.21 (1.04–1.38) | 546.85 (471.02–628.34) | 0.08 (0.06 to 0.11) |
| Tropical Latin America | 0.49 (0.42–0.56) | 714.71 (617.47–818.28) | 1.74 (1.5–1.98) | 767.53 (663.42–876.09) | 0.34 (0.29 to 0.38) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 0.87 (0.74–1.01) | 754.7 (640.49–870.78) | 2.49 (2.12–2.86) | 777.63 (660.8–895.96) | 0.12 (0.11 to 0.13) |
| South Asia | 1.45 (1.24–1.68) | 421.73 (360.05–485.43) | 4.64 (3.93–5.34) | 428.42 (365.02–493.98) | 0.04 (0 to 0.09) |
| East Asia | 3.47 (2.9–4.04) | 609.05 (515.11–707.65) | 13.57 (11.39–15.79) | 781.43 (659.97–904.1) | 0.65 (0.56 to 0.73) |
| Oceania | 0.01 (0.01–0.01) | 581.21 (492–676.1) | 0.02 (0.02–0.03) | 575.09 (485.96–666.95) | −0.05 (−0.07 to −0.03) |
| Southeast Asia | 1.02 (0.87–1.18) | 566.26 (483.98–651.08) | 2.79 (2.39–3.2) | 590.55 (505.03–677.25) | 0.17 (0.14 to 0.2) |
| Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 0.08 (0.07–0.1) | 665.37 (567.54–766.03) | 0.22 (0.19–0.25) | 695.87 (596.01–796.94) | 0.17 (0.16 to 0.18) |
| Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 0.26 (0.23–0.31) | 570.52 (489.37–655.73) | 0.62 (0.53–0.71) | 574.66 (495.93–657.82) | 0.04 (0.02 to 0.07) |
| Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 0.13 (0.11–0.15) | 601.78 (515.22–692.95) | 0.26 (0.22–0.3) | 607.44 (520.21–699.81) | 0.03 (−0.02 to 0.09) |
| Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 0.29 (0.25–0.34) | 481.44 (411.98–554.82) | 0.61 (0.52–0.69) | 469.82 (402.13–539.35) | −0.1 (−0.19 to −0.02) |
ASPR, age-standardized prevalence rate; EAPC, estimated annual percent change; SDI, sociodemographic index.