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. 2022 Oct 24;28(2):564–578. doi: 10.1038/s41380-022-01836-9

Table 5.

Results of multiple regression analyses with clinical measurements as dependent variables and oxidative stress toxicity (OSTOX) and antioxidant (ANTIOX) biomarkers as explanatory variables.

Regression Explanatory variables β t p F model df p R2
#1. Depression HAMD Model 23.16 5/150 <0.001 0.441
Body temperature 0.390 5.12 <0.001
OSTOX 2.37 3.70 <0.001
SpO2 −0.195 −2.49 0.014
Education −0.161 −2.59 0.011
Age −0.137 −2.21 0.028
#2. Somatic HAMD Model 30.59 4/151 <0.001 0.448
SpO2 −0.427 −5.48 <0.001
Body temperature 0.238 3.14 0.002
Astra + Pfizer 0.158 2.57 0.011
NO 0.149 2.41 0.017
#3. Depression HAMA Model 26.14 3/152 <0.001 0.340
SpO2 −0.511 −7.64 <0.001
Female sex 0.223 −3.38 <0.001
Astra + Pfizer 0.133 1.99 0.048
#4. Somatic HAMA Model 41.14 5/150 <0.001 0.578
SpO2 −0.533 −7.78 <0.001
Body temperature 0.241 3.61 <0.001
Astra + Pfizer −0.134 2.50 0.014
NO 0.123 2.27 0.025
Femal sex −0.114 −2.13 0.035
#5. Somatic FF Model 53.60 4/151 <0.001 0.587
SpO2 −0.457 −6.84 <0.001
Body temperature 0.322 4.95 <0.001
NO 0.151 2.80 0.006
MDA 0.132 2.49 0.014
#6. Neuropsychiatric symptoms score Model 59.77 4/151 <0.001 0.613
SpO2 −0.531 −8.02 <0.001
Body temperature 0.246 3.90 <0.001
OSTOX/ANTIOX 0.151 2.73 0.007
Female sex 0.111 2.19 0.030
#7. OSTOX/ANTIOX Model 30.26 1/154 <0.001 0.164
SpO2 −0.405 −5.50 <0.001
#9. CRP Model 46.14 2/153 <0.001 0.376
Body Temperature 0.568 8.90 <0.001
Male sex 0.245 3.83 <0.001

These regression analyses are performed in patients and controls combined.

Gpx Glutathione peroxidase, MDA malondialdehyde, NO nitric oxide, SpO2 peripheral oxygen saturation, FF Fibro-Fatigue scale, HAMD Hamilton Depression Rating scale, HAMA Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale, Astra+Pfizer vaccination with either AstraZeneca or Pfizer-BioNTech (versus Sinopharm S), CRP C-reactive protein.