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. 2022 Oct 21;62(2):797–806. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-03023-6

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of 118,707 participants of Lifelines

Characteristics All (n = 118,707) Sex categoriesa
Men (n = 47,943) Women (n = 70,764)
Age, years 45 ± 13 46 ± 13 44 ± 13
Education
 Low 4897 (4) 1760 (4) 3137 (4)
 Moderate 77,105 (65) 30,367 (63) 46,738 (66)
 High 36,705 (31) 15,816 (33) 20,889 (30)
Smoking status
 Never 54,985 (46) 20,711 (43) 34,274 (49)
 Former 39,342 (33) 16,491 (35) 22,851 (32)
 Current < 10/day 11,088 (9) 4801 (10) 6287 (9)
 Current ≥ 10/day 13,292 (11) 5940 (12) 7352 (10)
Moderate physical activity, MET-min/week 1611 [751–2904] 1728 [810–3134] 1536 [735–2748]
 Sedentary behavior, min/week 840 [630–1260] 840 [630–1260] 910 [630–1260]
Alcohol use
 0 g/day 3278 (3) 744 (2) 2534 (4)
 > 0 to  ≤ 10 g/day 84,760 (71) 28,315 (59) 56,445 (80)
 > 10 to  ≤ 20 g/day 22,269 (19) 12,509 (26) 9760 (14)
 > 20 g/day 8400 (7) 6375 (13) 2025 (3)
Prevalent diabetes 2967 (3) 1372 (3) 1595 (2)
Hypercholesterolemia 16,146 (14) 8335 (17) 7811 (11)
Hypertension 26,208 (22) 9820 (21) 16,388 (23)
History of CVD 2825 (2) 1590 (3) 1235 (2)
BMI, kg/m2 26.0 ± 4.3 26.4 ± 3.7 25.8 ± 4.7
 ≥ 25 65,166 (55) 30,137 (63) 35,029 (50)
SSB, serving/day 0.1 [0.0–0.6] 0.3 [0.0–0.9] 0.1 [0.0–0.5]
LNCB, serving/day 0.1 [0.0–0.6] 0.1 [0.0–0.6] 0.1 [0.0–0.6]
FJ, serving/day 0.2 [0.0–0.6] 0.2 [0.0–0.7] 0.1 [0.0–0.6]
Total energy, kcal/day 2027 ± 576 2328 ± 591 1823 ± 466

Value are in means ± SDs for normally distributes variables, medians [25th, 75th] for nonnormally distributed variables or n (%) for categorical variable

CVD cardiovascular disease, FJ fruit juice, LNCB low-calorie sweetened beverages, MET metabolic equivalent task, SBB sugar-sweetened beverages

aComparisons of characteristics between men and women were tested using ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis or chi-squared tests as applicable. All were statistically significant (P =  < .001)