Skip to main content
. 2022 Oct 20;15:1455–1490. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S379912

Table 6.

Quality and Risk of Bias Assessment of Included Articles in Systematic Review

A. Randomized controlled trials
Study, year Ref Random sequence generation (selection bias) Allocation concealment Blinding of participants and personnel Blinding of outcome assessment Incomplete outcome data Selective reporting
Staubach et al, 2016239 + + + + + +
Kaplan et al, 2005240 ? ? + + + +
Goldsobel et al, 198668 + + + + + +
B. Non-randomized controlled trials
Study, year Ref Criteria Additional criteria in the case of comparative study
A stated aim of the study Inclusion of consecutive patients Prospective collection of data End point appropriate to the study aim Unbiased evaluation of end points Follow-up period appropriate Loss to follow-up not exceeding 5% Prospective calculation of the study size A control group having the criterion standard intervention Contemporary groups Baseline equivalence of groups Prospective calculation of the sample size Statistical analyses adapted to the study design Total
Martina et al, 202190 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Napolitano et al, 202145 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Gaber et al, 202046 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Chung et al, 202074 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Seo et al, 201932 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Zubrinich et al, 201992 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 7
Wertenteil et al, 201933 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Jankowska-Konsur et al, 201934 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Jo et al, 201939 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Curto-Barredo et al, 201937 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Eun et al, 201831 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Nettis et al, 201840 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Napolitano et al, 201893 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Chanprapaph et al, 2018160 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Curto-Barredo et al, 201836 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Pannofino, 201858 2 0 2 1 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 7
Aldasouqi, 201896 2 0 2 1 0 1 0 0 - - - - - 6
Kulthanan et al, 201757 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Lee et al, 201764 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Chu et al, 201730 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Ali, 2016152 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 0 2 2 0 2 20
Chuamanochan et al, 201610 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Kasperska-Zajac et al, 201691 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Lapi et al, 201635 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Zimmer et al, 201682 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 5
Sussman et al, 201660 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 5
Romano et al, 201562 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Sugiyama et al, 201573 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Uysal et al, 201461 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Ban et al, 201411 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Vikramkumar et al, 201442 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Magen et al, 201320 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Song et al, 201355 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Magen et al, 201320 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Lefevre et al, 201375 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Hiragun et al, 201238 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Armengot-Carbo et al, 201381 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 7
Kirkpatrick et al, 201251 2 1 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 9
Chen et al, 201219 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Krupashankar et al, 201228 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Ivyanskiy et al, 201276 1 1 1 2 0 1 0 0 - - - - - 6
Hui-hui et al, 201284 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 6
Baroni et al, 201285 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 7
Groffik et al, 201149 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 7
Godse, 201148 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Asero et al, 201186 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Sagi et al, 201183 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Metz et al, 201152 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 7
Mitzel-Kaoukhov et al, 201053 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Mozena et al, 201072 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Perez et al, 2010241 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Wong et al, 201056 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 5
Staubach et al, 200980 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Kaplan et al, 200850 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 2 2 0 2 19
Katsarou-Katsari et al, 200844 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 - - - - - 10
Feibelmann, 200771 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Manganoni et al, 200789 1 1 1 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 7
Cebeci et al, 200670 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
McGirt et al, 200694 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Sanada et al, 2005242 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Yang et al, 200541 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
O’Donnell, 200577 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Gaig et al, 200429 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Zhang et al, 200479 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 - - - - - 4
Asero et al, 200378 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
O’Donnell, 199854 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Amoroso, 199769 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 5
Rumbyrt et al, 199588 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Hashiro et al, 199427 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 8
Barlow et al, 199326 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Anderson, 199195 1 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 4
Lindelof et al, 1990148 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Reisman et al, 1989243 2 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 12
Dover, 198843 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Lanigan et al, 198766 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 3
Mekkes et al, 198625 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Greene et al, 1985244 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 0 2 20
Lanigan et al, 198465 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 6
Leznoff et al, 198367 1 2 2 2 0 2 2 0 - - - - - 11
Vaida et al, 198387 2 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 - - - - - 10
Juhlin, 198112 1 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 5
Urbach, 194297 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 - - - - - 2

Notes: +, low risk of bias; -, high risk of bias; ?, unclear risk of bias; 0, not reported; 1, reported but inadequate; 2, reported and adequate.