Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients with versus without beta-blockers at discharge.
| Entire cohort (N = 2904) | Propensity-score matched patients (N = 1048) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| With BB (N = 2508) |
Without BB (N = 396) |
SD | P value | With BB (N = 685) |
Without BB (N = 363) |
SD | P value | |
| Age (yrs) | 63.8 ± 12.4 | 67.4 ± 13.1 | 0.268 | <.001 | 66.4 ± 11.3 | 66.8 ± 12.7 | <0.001 | .635 |
| Male | 1859 (74.1) | 271 (68.4) | -0.105 | .020 | 480 (70.1) | 256 (70.5) | 0.027 | .887 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.98 ± 3.26 | 23.14 ± 3.17 | -0.265 | <.001 | 23.50 ± 3.24 | 23.27 ± 3.17 | -0.044 | .266 |
| Hypertension | 1208 (48.2) | 196 (49.5) | 0.028 | .627 | 325 (47.4) | 177 (48.8) | 0.025 | .697 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 703 (28.0) | 107 (27.0) | -0.014 | .718 | 186 (27.2) | 98 (27.0) | 0.006 | 1.000 |
| Prior angina pectoris | 201 (8.0) | 46 (11.6) | 0.103 | .020 | 65 (9.5) | 40 (11.0) | 0.035 | .450 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 216 (8.6) | 36 (9.1) | 0.020 | .773 | 63 (9.2) | 31 (8.5) | -0.014 | .820 |
| Prior heart failure | 27 (1.1) | 4 (1.0) | -0.032 | 1.000 | 6 (0.9) | 3 (0.8) | <0.001 | 1.000 |
| Prior stroke | 170 (6.8) | 29 (7.3) | 0.028 | .669 | 47 (6.9) | 27 (7.4) | 0.021 | .800 |
| Current smoker | 1024 (40.8) | 143 (36.1) | -0.109 | .078 | 262 (38.2) | 135 (37.2) | -0.014 | .789 |
| Killip class ≥ II | 550 (21.9) | 110 (27.8) | 0.134 | .012 | 165 (24.1) | 97 (26.7) | 0.040 | .369 |
| eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 450 (17.9) | 96 (24.2) | 0.125 | .004 | 149 (21.8) | 79 (21.8) | -0.010 | 1.000 |
| Left ventricular EF (%) | 45.6 ± 2.5 | 45.5 ± 2.5 | -0.035 | .314 | 45.7 ± 2.4 | 45.5 ± 2.5 | -0.072 | .282 |
| STEMI | 1572 (62.7) | 203 (51.3) | -0.233 | <.001 | 354 (51.7) | 192 (52.9) | 0.041 | .745 |
| Coronary reperfusion* | 2437 (97.2) | 371 (93.7) | -0.146 | .001 | 656 (95.8) | 349 (96.1) | 0.023 | .871 |
| Medications at discharge | ||||||||
| Aspirin | 2505 (99.9) | 394 (99.5) | -0.055 | .140 | 685 (100) | 362 (99.7) | -0.038 | .346 |
| P2Y12 inhibitor | 2452 (97.8) | 365 (92.2) | -0.208 | <.001 | 655 (95.6) | 347 (95.6) | 0.015 | 1.000 |
| RAS inhibitors | 2103 (83.9) | 213 (53.8) | -0.602 | <.001 | 420 (61.3) | 207 (57.0) | -0.019 | .186 |
| Statins | 2378 (94.8) | 344 (86.9) | -0.231 | <.001 | 619 (90.4) | 328 (90.4) | 0.041 | 1.000 |
Values are mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
BB = beta-blockers, EF = ejection fraction, eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate by MDRD equation, RAS = renin-angiotensin system, SD = standardized difference, STEMI = ST elevation myocardial infarction.
*
Includes reperfusion by percutaneous coronary intervention, thrombolysis, coronary artery bypass graft, ormyocardial infarction with non-obstructed coronary arteries (MINOCA).