TABLE 2.

The results of heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy test, and MR-PRESSO methods for cardiovascular diseases.

Outcome	Heterogeneity test		Horizontal pleiotropy a		MR-PRESSO
	Q	P	Or (95% CI)	P	Raw	P	Corrected	P
Coronary artery disease	825.316	<0.001	1.001 (0.937–1.069)	0.987	1.670 (1.373–2.031)	<0.001	1.599 (1.450–1.763)	<0.001
Aortic aneurysm	37.890	0.013	1.034 (0.985–1.084)	0.190	1.394 (1.199–1.619)	<0.001	-	-
Heart failure	100.129	<0.001	1.007 (0.982–1.033)	0.589	1.201 (1.115–1.294)	<0.001	1.213 (1.145–1.285)	<0.001
Atrial fibrillation	41.600	0.005	0.999 (0.997–1.001)	0.892	1.047 (1.006–1.091)	0.037	1.035 (0.998–1.074)	0.078
Hypertension	73.110	<0.001	0.999 (0.998–1.001)	0.468	1.011 (1.006–1.016)	<0.001	1.009 (1.004–1.013)	0.001
Old myocardial infarction	73.427	<0.001	1.000 (0.999–1.001)	0.848	1.004 (1.002–1.007)	0.008	1.002 (1.001–1.003)	0.001
Acute myocardial infarction	32.908	<0.001	1.000 (0.998–1.001)	0.661	1.003 (1.001–1.005)	0.036	1.001 (1.000–1.002)	0.112
Stroke	19.301	0.154	1.000 (0.999–1.000)	0.702	1.002 (1.001–1.003)	0.009	-	-
Peripheral vascular disease	39.818	<0.001	1.001 (0.998–1.003)	0.632	1.001 (0.998–1.005)	0.435	1.001 (0.999–1.003)	0.512
Venous thromboembolism	420.265	<0.001	1.000 (0.999–1.002)	0.623	1.000 (0.995–1.005)	0.939	0.999 (0.997–1.000)	0.061

CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; WHR, Waist-to-hip ratio.

^a The MR-Egger intercept quantifies the effect of directional pleiotropy. p < 0.05 provides evidence that the exposure-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms may influence the outcome through other pathways than through exposure.