. 2022 Oct 11;13:982773. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.982773

Table 1.

The dysregulated lncRNA in clinical OA samples.

LncRNA	Human tissue/cells	Expression in OA	Potential targets	Cellular process	Proposed molecular mechanism	References
H19	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2A1, COL9A1, COL10A1, CILP, and HTRA1	ECM anabolism	miR675 host	(26)
	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	PCNA, CyclinD1, and cleaved Caspase 3	Cell proliferation	Interaction with miR106-5p	(27)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-38	Inflammatory response	Interaction with p53	(28)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Bax and Bcl2	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR140-5p	(29)
			COL2A1, MMP1, and MMP13	ECM degradation
			ALP, OCN, and BSP	Ossification
	OA synovium	Upregulated	–	–	–	(30)
GAS5	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	MMP2, MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, and ADAMTS4	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR21 in autophagy	(31)
	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	Bax and Bcl2	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR34a	(32)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl 2	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR137	(33)
	OA synovium	Downregulated	Caspase 3, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	–	(34)
MALAT1	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	ADAMTS5, COL2A1, ACAN, and COMP	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR145	(35)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	OPN	Cell proliferation	Regulated PI3K/Akt pathway by interacting with miR127-5p	(36)
	OA synoviocytes	Upregulated	IL-6 and CXCL8	Inflammatory response	–	(37)
	OA Subchondral bone	Upregulated	PGE2	Inflammatory response	–	(38)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Cleaved caspase3 and Bcl2	Cell apoptosis	Regulated DNMT3A by interacting with miR149-5p	(39)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2 and aggrecan	ECM degradation	Regulated DNMT3A by interacting with miR149-5p	(39)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Cleaved caspase3 and Bcl2	Cell apoptosis	Regulated GNG5 by interacting with miR675-3p	(40)
			COL2A1 and MMP13	ECM degradation
			IL-6 and IL-8	Inflammatory response
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	CXCR4	Cell proliferation	Regulated MAPK signaling by interacting with miR211	(41)
	OA synovium (Macrophagy)	Upregulated	IL‐4, IL-6, IL-10, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α	Inflammatory response	Interaction with miR376	(42)
			ICAM1, MMP3, MMP9, and MRP8	Migration
			OPN, ACAN, and COL2 in chondrocyte	Crosstalk
HOTAIR	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Bcl2, cleave caspase3, p62 and LC3B	Cell apoptosis	Regulated ADAM10 by interacting with miR222-3p	(43)
			COL2, COL10, SOX9, and MMP13,	ECM degradation
			IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α	Inflammatory response
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Cleaved caspase3, Survivin, Bcl2 and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated BCL2L13 by interacting with miR130a-3p	(44)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-1β and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Regulated STGB by interacting with miR1277-5p	(45)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Aggrecan and COL2	ECM degradation	Regulated STGB by interacting with miR1277-5p	(45)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Aggrecan, COL2, MMP13 and MMP9	ECM degradation	Regulated CXCL12 by interacting with miR107	(46)
			–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated CXCL12 by interacting with miR107	(46)
	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	ADAMTS5 MMP13, ADAMTS5, COL2, and ACAN	ECM degradation	Interaction with promotor	(47)

	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Cleaved caspase3, cleaved caspase9 and Bax	ECM degradation	Regulated FUT2/WNT aixs by interacting with miR17-5p	(48)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated		Cell apoptosis	Regulated FUT2/WNT aixs by interacting with miR17-5p
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2, MMP9, MMP13, TIMP3, ACAN and ADAMTS5	ECM degradation	Regulated WIF1/WNT pathway	(49)
HOTTIP	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	HoxA cluster	–	Epigenetic regulation	(50)
HOTTIP	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell proliferation	Regulated FRK by interacting with miR 663a	(51)
CIR	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	MMP13, ADAMTS5, COL2, COL1, and ACAN	ECM degradation	Vimentin inhibition	(52)
	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	MMP13	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR27	(53)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2A1, and MMP13	ECM degradation	Activating autophagy	(54)
MSR	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2A1, ACAN, MMP13, and ADAMTS5	ECM degradation	Regulated TMSB4 by interacting with miR152	(55)
PVT1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2, ACAN, MMP3, MMP9 and MMP13	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR149	(56)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	PGE2, NO, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Interaction with miR149	(56)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Cleaved caspase3 and autophagy	Cell apoptosis	Regulated TRAF3 by interacting with miR27b-3p	(57)
	OA synovium	Upregulated	Caspase 3, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	–	(34)
Nespas	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	COL2, COL1, MMP2 and MMP13	ECM degradation	Interaction with miRNAs	(58)
UCA1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2, COL4, and MMP13	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR204-5p	(59)
UCA1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell proliferation	Interaction with miR204-5p	(59)
DANCR	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Caspase3 and Bcl2	Cell apoptosis	Regulated SphK2 by competing with miR577	(60)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-6 and IL-8	Inflammatory response	Regulated JAK2/STAT3 signaling by interacting with miR216a-5p	(61)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Regulated DANCR by interacting with miR19a	(62)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated DANCR by interacting with miR19a	(62)
LncHIFCAR	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	MMP1, MMP3 and MMP13	ECM degradation	Regulated HIF-1α, HIF-1α target genes, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway	(63)
			TNF-α and IL-6	Inflammatory response
			Bcl2, Bax, and Cytochrome C	Cell proliferation
FAS-AS1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2, MMP1 and MMP13	ECM degradation	–	(64)
FAS-AS1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell proliferation	–	(64)
FOXD2-AS1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	CCND1	Cell proliferation	Interaction with miR206	(65)
p21	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	Bcl2, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR451	(66)
TM1P3	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	MMP13	ECM degradation	Regulated TGF-β signaling by interacting with miR22	(67)
TNFSF10	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	IL-6 and IL-8	Inflammatory response	Regulated FGFR1 by interacting with miR376-3p	(68)
			–	Cell proliferation
			–	Cell apoptosis
LINC01534	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	MMP3, MMP9, MMP13, COL2 and aggrecan	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR140-5p	(69)
LINC01534	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	NO, PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8	Inflammatory response	Interaction with miR140-5p	(69)
NKILA	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Bcl2, Bax, and cleaved caspase3	Cell apoptosis	Regulated SP1/NF-κB axis by interacting with miR145	(70)
LINC00461	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-6, IL-10	Inflammatory response	Interaction with miR30a-5p	(71)
			COL2, MMP2, MMP3 and MMP13	ECM degradation
			–	Cell proliferation
LOXL1-AS1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Cleaved Caspase 3, Cleaved Caspase 9, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated KDM5C by interacting with miR423-5p	(72)
LOXL1-AS1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-6, IL-8	Inflammatory response	Regulated KDM5C by interacting with miR423-5p	(72)
PCAT-1	OA chondrocyte	Upregulated	Cleaved Caspase3, Bcl2, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR27b-3p	(73)
ARFRP1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	CCND1, Bcl2, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated TLR4/NF-κB axis by interacting with miR15a-5p	(74)
ARFRP1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β	Inflammatory response	Regulated TLR4/NF-κB axis by interacting with miR15a-5p	(74)
TUG1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	MMP13, COL2 and aggrecan	ECM degradation	Regulated FUT1 by interacting with miR17-5p	(75)
TUG1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated FUT1 by interacting with miR17-5p	(75)
LINC00671	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Col2A1, Aggrecan, MMP3, MMP13, ADAMTS4, and ADAMTS5	ECM degradation	Regulated ONECUT2/Smurf2/GSK-3β axis	(76)
RMRP	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell proliferation	Regulated CDK9 by interacting with miR206	(77)
KCNQ1OT1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6	Inflammatory response	Regulated TCF4 by interacting with miR211-5p	(78)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2, COL10, and MMP13	ECM degradation	Regulated TCF4 by interacting with miR211-5p	(78)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	COL2, and MMP13	ECM degradation	Regulated TRPS1 by interacting with miR126-5p	(79)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	–	Cell proliferation	Regulated TRPS1 by interacting with miR126-5p	(79)
RP11-364P22.2	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Col2A1, Aggrecan, and MMP13	ECM degradation	Regulated ATF3	(80)
RP11-364P22.2	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Caspase3, and NF-κB	Cell apoptosis	Regulated ATF3	(80)
Cox2	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Ki67 and PCNA	Cell proliferation	Regulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway by interacting with miR150	(81)
Cox2	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	Caspase3, Caspase9, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated Wnt/β-catenin pathway by interacting with miR150	(81)
CASC19	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Regulated DDX6 by interacting with miR152-3p	(82)
CASC19	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated DDX6 by interacting with miR152-3p	(82)
MIR22HG	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2A1, ACAN, MMP13, ADAMTS5	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR9-3p	(83)
MIR22HG	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR9-3p	(83)
LINC01385	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL-6, TNF-α, PGE₂	Inflammatory response	Interaction with miR 140-3p/TLR4 axis	(84)
LINC00707	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR199-3p	(85)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated FSHR by interacting with miR330-5p	(86)
			COL2, ACAN, MMP13, MMP3	ECM degradation
			IL-6, TNF-α	Inflammatory response
LINC00680	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell proliferation	Regulated SIRT1 by interacting with IGF2BP2	(87)
LINC00680	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2, ACAN, MMP13,	ECM degradation	Regulated SIRT1 by interacting with IGF2BP2	(87)
PILA	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	MMP13, MMP3, ADAMTS4	ECM degradation	Regulated TAK1/NF-κB aixs by interacting with PRMT1	(88)
PILA	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated TAK1/NF-κB aixs by interacting with PRMT1	(88)
DLEU1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	COL2, ACAN, ADAMTS5 and MMP3	ECM degradation	Interaction with miR671-5p	(89)
DLEU1	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL‐1, IL‐6, and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Interaction with miR671-5p	(89)
MEG3	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	VEGF	Angiogenesis	–	(90)
	OA chondrocyte	Downregulated	Ki67 and PCNA	Cell proliferation	Regulated FOXO1 by interacting with miR361-5p	(91)
			Bcl2 and Bax	Cell apoptosis
			MMP13, ADAMTS5, COL2, ACAN	ECM degradation
CILinc01	OA chondrocyte	Downregulated	IL-6	Inflammatory response	–	(92)
CILinc02	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	IL‐1, IL‐6, and IL‐17	Inflammatory response	–	(93)
			TIMP1, MMP1 and MMP13	ECM degradation	–
			–	Cell apoptosis	–
UFC1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	–	Cell proliferation	Interaction with miR34a	(94)
SNHG5	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	SOX2	Cell proliferation	Interaction with miR26a	(95)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	MMP13, ADAMTS5, COL3 and ACAN	ECM degradation	Regulated autophagy by interacting with miR141-3p	(96)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Cleaved caspase3	Cell apoptosis	Regulated autophagy by interacting with miR141-3p	(96)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Cleaved caspase3, and cleaved caspase9	Cell apoptosis	Regulated H3F3B by interacting with miR10a-5p	(97)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	COL2, and ADAMTS5	ECM degradation	Regulated H3F3B by interacting with miR10a-5p	(97)
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	MMP13 and ADAMTS5	ECM degradation
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated			Regulated TGFBR3 by interacting with miR181a‐5p	(98)
Caspase3	Cell apoptosis				Regulated TGFBR3 by interacting with miR181a‐5p	(98)
HOTAIRM1-1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	–	Chondrogenic differentiation	Regulated BMPR2/MAPK aixs by interacting with miR125b	(99)
			Cleaved caspase3, cleaved caspase9, Bcl2 and Bax	Cell apoptosis
			COL2, COL10, and aggrecan	ECM degradation
LINC00341	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Bcl2, and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated YAF2 by interacting with miR141	(100)
DNM3OS	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Cleaved caspase3, Bcl2, and Bax	Cell proliferation	Regulated IGF1 by interacting with miR126	(101)
PART1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Cleaved caspase3, cleaved caspase9 and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated TGFBR2/Smad3 axis by interacting with miR590-3p	(102)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	MMP13, COL2, and ACAN	ECM degradation	Regulated SOX4 by interacting with miR373-3p	(103)
	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Bcl2, Bax and cleaved caspase3	Cell apoptosis	Regulated SOX4 by interacting with miR373-3p	(103)
NEAT1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	ACAN, Col2a1, MMP3, MMP13, and ADAMTS5	ECM degradation	Regulated SOX5 by interacting with miR373-3p	(104)
			IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8	Inflammatory response
			–	Cell apoptosis
	OA Cartilage	Upregulated	MMP3, MMP9, and MMP13	ECM degradation	Regulated PLA2G4A by interacting with miR543	(105)
			IL-6, and IL-8	Inflammatory response
			p-Akt1 and Bcl2	Cell proliferation
LINC00662	OA chondrocyte	Downregulated	TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐8	Inflammatory response	Regulated GPR120 by interacting with miR15b-5p	(106)
LINC00662	OA chondrocyte	Downregulated	Cleaved caspase3, cleaved caspase9 and Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated GPR120 by interacting with miR15b-5p	(106)
OIP5-AS1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Regulated PGRN by interacting with miR29b-3p	(107)
OIP5-AS1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Bax	Cell apoptosis	Regulated PGRN by interacting with miR29b-3p	(107)
LINC00623	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	MMP13, and COL2	ECM degradation	Regulated HRAS/MAPK axis by interacting with miR101	(108)
LINC00623	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Cleaved caspase3, and cleaved caspase7	Cell apoptosis	Regulated HRAS/MAPK axis by interacting with miR101	(108)
SNHG7	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Cleaved Caspase3, Cleaved Caspase7	Cell apoptosis	Regulated SNHG7/PPARγ axis by interacting with miR214-5p	(109)
SNHG7	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6	Inflammatory response	Regulated SNHG7/PPARγ axis by interacting with miR214-5p	(109)
ROR	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	COL2, ACAN, MMP13 and COL10	Chondrogenesis	Regulated SOX9 by interacting with miR138 and miR145	(110)
OIP5-AS1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Caspase 3, Caspase 9, Bax, and Bcl2	Cell apoptosis	Interaction with miR30a-5p	(111)
OIP5-AS1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-a	Inflammatory response	Interaction with miR30a-5p	(111)
FGD5-AS1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated TGFBR2 by interacting with miR302d-3p	(112)
MCM3AP-AS1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	–	Cell apoptosis	Regulated SIRT1 by interacting with miR138-5p	(113)
MEG8	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	Caspase3	Cell apoptosis	Regulated PI3K/AKT signaling	(114)
MEG8	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	IL-6 and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Regulated PI3K/AKT signaling	(114)
ZFAS1	OA Cartilage	Downregulated	ROS, SOD, and Catalase	Oxidative stress	Regulated NRF2 by interacting with miR1323	(115)
			IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6	Inflammatory response
			–	Cell apoptosis
GACAT3	OA synoviocytes	Upregulated	Caspase3	Cell proliferation	Regulated STAT3	(116)
ANRIL	OA synoviocytes	Upregulated	Cleaved caspase3, Bax, and Bcl2	Cell proliferation	Regulated DUSP4 by interacting with miR122-5p	(117)
PCGEM1	OA synoviocytes	Upregulated	PARP and caspase9	Cell proliferation	Interaction with miR770	(118)
PCGEM1	OA synoviocytes	Upregulated	Chondrocyte apoptosis and cartilage matrix degradation	Crosstalk	Interaction with miR142-5p	(119)
AK094629	OA synovium	Upregulated	IL-6	Inflammatory response	Regulated MAP3K4	(120)
IGHCγ1	PBMCs	Upregulated	IL-6 and TNF-α	Inflammatory response	Regulated TLR4/NF-κB axis by interacting with miR6891-3p	(121)
AC005165.1	OA Subchondral bone	Downregulated	–	–	Regulated FRZB/WNT signaling	(122)
LOC107986251	OA Menisci	Upregulated	–	–	Regulated SESN3 by interacting with miR212-5p	(123)

COL, Collagen; CILP, Cartilage intermediate layer protein; ECM, Extracellular matrix; PCNA, Proliferating cell nuclear antigen; MMPs, Matrix metalloproteinases; ALP, Alkaline phosphatase; OCN, Osteocalcin; BSP, Bone sialoprotein; ACAN, Aggrecan; ADAMTS, A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs; COMP, Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein; PGE2, Prostaglandin E2; OPN, Osteopontin; TIMPs, Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; CXCL, C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand; CXCR, C-X-C chemokine receptor; MRP, Multidrug resistance-associated protein; CCND1, Cyclin D1; VEGF, Vascular endothelial growth factor; ROS, Reactive oxygen species; SOD, Superoxide Dismutase; PBMCs, Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.