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. 2022 Oct 18;8(10):e11074. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11074

Table 1.

Characteristics of the study subjects and the dental procedures performed.

Dental handpieces Periodontal operations∗∗ Oral examination Other dental operations∗∗∗
Number of measured procedures 44 91 52 66
Number of patients 28 48 52 46
Females (%) 24 (55 %) 52 (57 %) 30 (58 %) 40 (61 %)
Age (mean, SD) 62.2 (13.8) 51.9 (14.3) 51.1 (17.9) 47.6 (15.2)
Length of procedure (min, median, IQR) 4.3 (2.2–7.7) 13.0 (5.0–26.26.9) 12.7 (6.9–19.5) 1.6 (1.0–3.2)
Number of operation rooms measured 6 5 6 5
Procedure done/diagnosis (ICD-code) K02.1 (dentin caries) K05.30 (chronic periodontitis) and K05.31 (chronic severe periodontitis) K05.30 (chronic periodontitis) and K05.31 (chronic severe periodontitis), K02.1 (dentin caries), K04.5 (apical periodontitis) and K04.0 (pulpitis) K05.30 (chronic periodontitis) and K05.31 (chronic severe periodontitis), K02.1 (dentin caries), K04.5 (apical periodontitis) and K04.0 (pulpitis)

Dental handpieces include air turbine handpiece, low-speed dental handpiece, and high-speed dental handpiece.

∗∗

Periodontal operations include ultrasonic scaler and manual periodontal treatment.

∗∗∗

Other dental operations include local and topical anesthesia, intraoral X-ray and root canal treatment.