Table 1.
Patient Characteristics.
| Total | Filled Statin, Ezetimibe, or PCSK9i | No Fills for Statin, Ezetimibe, or PCSK9i | Standardized Mean Differences | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 134,008 | N = 39,468 | N = 94,540 | ||
| Age, years | 68.0 (13.2) | 69.7 (11.6) | 67.3 (13.8) | 0.18 |
| Women | 58,731 (43.8%) | 18,547 (47.0%) | 40,184 (42.5%) | 0.09 |
| Race or Ethnicity | 0.05 | |||
| Asian | 3604 (2.7%)z | 1229 (3.1%) | 2375 (2.5%) | |
| Black | 14,471 (10.8%) | 4646 (11.8%) | 9825 (10.4%) | |
| Hispanic | 10,400 (7.8%) | 3629 (9.2%) | 6771 (7.2%) | |
| White | 95,649 (71.4%) | 27,071 (68.6%) | 68,578 (72.5%) | |
| Missing | 9884 (7.4%) | 2893 (7.3%) | 6991 (7.4%) | |
| Estimated Income | 0.04 | |||
| Unknown | 29,476 (22.0%) | 7982 (20.2%) | 21,494 (22.8%) | |
| <$40K | 31,769 (23.7%) | 10,079 (25.5%) | 21,690 (22.9%) | |
| $40K-$49K | 9522 (7.1%) | 2840 (7.2%) | 6682 (7.1%) | |
| $50K-$59K | 9548 (7.1%) | 2908 (7.4%) | 6640 (7.0%) | |
| $60K-$74K | 12,632 (9.4%) | 3787 (9.6%) | 8845 (9.4%) | |
| $75K-$99K | 16,344 (12.2%) | 4892 (12.4%) | 11,452 (12.1%) | |
| $100K+ | 24,717 (18.4%) | 6980 (17.7%) | 17,737 (18.8%) | |
| Educational Attainment | 0.02 | |||
| Less than high school | 755 (0.6%) | 264 (0.7%) | 491 (0.5%) | |
| Completed High School | 38,134 (28.5%) | 11,717 (29.7%) | 26,417 (27.9%) | |
| College | 70,288 (52.5%) | 20,299 (51.4%) | 49,989 (52.9%) | |
| Post-college Degree | 17,842 (13.3%) | 5064 (12.8%) | 12,778 (13.5%) | |
| Missing | 6869 (5.2%) | 2124 (5.4%) | 4865 (5.2%) | |
| Payer | 0.07 | |||
| Commercial | 61,525 (45.9%) | 16,049 (40.7%) | 45,476 (48.1%) | |
| Medicare Advantage | 72,483 (54.1%) | 23,419 (59.3%) | 49,064 (51.9%) | |
| Primary Care Visits, # | 4.6 (5.4) | 6.0 (5.6) | 4.0 (5.2) | 0.38 |
| Cardiology Visit | 12,912 (9.6%) | 5113 (13.0%) | 7799 (8.2%) | 0.16 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Alcohol Abuse | 5653 (4.2%) | 1320 (3.3%) | 4333 (4.6%) | |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 23,659 (17.7%) | 7449 (18.9%) | 16,210 (17.1%) | 0.05 |
| Asthma | 10,540 (7.9%) | 3580 (9.1%) | 6960 (7.4%) | 0.06 |
| Cancer | 14,359 (10.7%) | 4623 (11.7%) | 9736 (10.3%) | 0.05 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 18,261 (13.6%) | 7757 (19.7%) | 10,504 (11.1%) | 0.25 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | 19,618 (14.6%) | 6432 (16.3%) | 13,186 (13.9%) | 0.07 |
| Connective Tissue Disease | 7226 (5.4%) | 2322 (5.9%) | 4904 (5.2%) | 0.03 |
| Dementia | 3678 (2.7%) | 1065 (2.7%) | 2613 (2.8%) | 0.00 |
| Depression | 19,668 (14.7%) | 7276 (18.4%) | 12,392 (13.1%) | 0.15 |
| Diabetes Mellitus | 42,006 (31.3%) | 18,916 (47.9%) | 23,090 (24.4%) | 0.52 |
| Frailty | 15,739 (11.7%) | 4977 (12.6%) | 10,762 (11.4%) | 0.04 |
| Heart Failure | 25,768 (19.2%) | 8307 (21.0%) | 17,461 (18.5%) | 0.07 |
| HIV | 322 (0.2%) | 100 (0.3%) | 222 (0.2%) | 0.00 |
| Hypertension | 106,622 (79.6%) | 35,683 (90.4%) | 3785 (75.0%) | 0.39 |
| Liver Disease | 7320 (5.5%) | 2420 (6.1%) | 4900 (5.2%) | 0.04 |
| Lipid-Lowering Medications1 | — | |||
| Statin, High Intensity | 6268 (4.7%) | 6268 (16.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Statin, Intermediate Intensity | 27,615 (20.6%) | 27,615 (70.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Statin, Low Intensity | 4879 (3.6%) | 4879 (12.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Ezetimibe | 2840 (2.1%) | 2840 (7.2%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Abbreviations: HIV: Human Immunodeficiency Virus; PCSK9i: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor.
1
Intermediate intensity prescription includes only patients with an intermediate-intensity prescription without a high-intensity prescription. Low-intensity prescription includes only patients with a low-intensity prescription without an intermediate- or high-intensity prescription. Number of patients who filled a PCSK9 inhibitor not listed as ≤ 10 overall patients who filled a PCSK9 inhibitor before their hospitalization.