Table I.

Characteristics of the study participants

Subject	Diagnosis	Sex	Age, years	Time elapsed from diagnosis, years	Anti-inflammatory medication	ANAAb	ENAAb	CLASI
1	DLE	Male	30	2	HCQ	Negative	Negative	6
2	DLE	Female	51	12	mepacrine	Negative	RNP	9
3	DLE	Male	53	11	None	Negative	Negative	10
4	DLE	Female	56	>25	None	Negative	SSB	18
5	DLE	Female	59	0	HCQ + MTX	Negative	SSA	21
6	DLE	Female	63	2	NONE	Positive	ND	5
7	DLE	Female	64	1	MTX	Negative	Positive	9
8	DLE	Female	80	7	HCQ	Negative	Negative	5
9	SCLE	Female	57	0	NONE	Negative	SSA	9
10	SCLE	Male	59	1	PRED	Negative	SSA	12
11	SCLE	Female	62	4	HCQ	Positive	SSA, SSB	8
12	SCLE	Female	67	0	PRED + etanercept	Positive	SSA	18
13	SCLE	Female	67	0	None	Negative	SSA	10
14	SCLE	Female	74	3	HCQ	Positive	SSA	7
15	SCLE	Female	83	0	None	Positive	SSA, SSB	8
16	SLE	Female	19	12	HCQ + PRED	Positive	SSA, SSB	4
17	SLE	Female	40	26	HCQ + MTX + PRED	Positive	SSA, SSB	16
18	SLE	Female	46	30	HCQ + MTX + PRED + infliximab	Positive	RNP	14
19	SLE	Female	56	10	HCQ + PRED + rituximab	Positive	SSA, SSB	16
20	SLE	Female	69	25	HCQ + PRED	Positive	SSA	5

Medication dosages at the time of sampling: hydroxychloroquine 100–400 mg/day, mepacrine 100 mg/day, methotrexate 7.5–20 mg/week, prednisolone: 60 mg/day (patient 10), 20 mg/day (patient 12), 5 mg every other day (patient 16), 5 mg/day (patient 17), 5 mg/day (patient 18), 45 mg/day (patient 19) and 10 mg/day (patient 20). DLE: discoid lupus erythematosus; SCLE: subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; MTX: methotrexate; PRED: prednisolone; ANAAb: anti-nuclear antibody; ENAAb: extractable nuclear antibodies; RNP: ribonucleoprotein; SSA: anti-Ro; SSB: anti-La.