Table 1:

Descriptive Characteristics of Adult Children by Metro Status

	Total	Urban	Rural	P-value
n	10,264	8,164	2,100
Demographic characteristics
Age (%)				0.096
<30	28.9	30.0	24.5
30–39	32.3	32.1	33.1
40–49	23.8	22.9	27.1
>=50	15.0	15.0	15.3
Male (%)	49.9	50.2	48.5	0.389
Married or cohabiting (%)	49.7	48.3	55.2	0.001
Adult siblings (mean)	3.5	3.4	3.7	0.079
Socioeconomic status
Education (%)				0.002
Less than high school	3.2	3.2	3.6
Completed high school	17.8	16.9	21.6
Some college	17.7	17.7	17.3
Completed college	15.6	16.4	12.4
More than college	10.6	11.2	8.2
Missing	35.0	34.5	37.0
Income (%)				0.003
< $25,000	9.2	8.7	11.1
$25,000 to <$50,000	13.5	13.0	15.6
$50,000 to <$75,000	12.9	12.9	12.6
>=$75,000	34.3	35.8	28.4
Missing	30.1	29.6	32.3
Proximity and Support
Proximity of this child (%)				<0.001
Co-reside		12.9	7.0
<30 miles		47.1	40.7
30 to <200 miles		14.5	30.6
200 to <500 miles		8.8	8.0
>=500 miles		16.7	13.8
Help provided by this child (%)	16.0	15.1	19.5	0.017
Money provided by this child (%)	5.3	5.9	3.1	0.003

P-Value of Pearson’s Chi-squared Test for categorical variables and T-Tests for continuous variable.

All estimates are weighted and clustered at the family level.