TABLE 2. 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion according to study variables.
|
Variablea |
UNa (g/day) |
pb |
UK (g/day) |
pb |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Hypertension | ||||
|
Yes |
3.6±1.6 |
0.83 |
2.3±0.70 |
0.43 |
|
No |
3.6±1.7 |
|
2.1±0.86 |
|
|
Diabetes | ||||
|
Yes |
3.6±1.3 |
0.97 |
2.4±0.75 |
0.40 |
|
No |
3.6±1.7 |
|
2.2±0.82 |
|
|
Age (years) | ||||
|
< 40 |
4.1±2.1 |
0.021 |
2.2±1.00 |
0.83 |
|
≥ 40 < 57 |
3.6±1.4 |
|
2.1±0.75 |
|
|
≥ 57 |
3.2±1.3 |
|
2.2±0.66 |
|
|
BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
|
Normal |
3.0±1.4 |
0.010 |
1.9±0.71 |
0.055 |
|
Overweight |
3.7±1.3 |
|
2.2±0.77 |
|
|
Obesity |
4.0±2.0 |
|
2.3±0.90 |
|
|
Waist/height ratio | ||||
|
High |
3.8±1.7 |
0.0003 |
2.3±0.81 |
0.0043 |
|
Normal |
2.6±0.72 |
|
1.8±0.69 |
|
|
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | ||||
|
≤ 60 (mL/min/1.73 m2) |
3.0±1.2 |
0.31 |
2.4±1.13 |
0.40 |
|
> 60 (mL/min/1.73 m2) |
3.7±1.7 |
|
2.2±0.80 |
|
Mean values ± SD.
p-value for trend using general lineal models. UNa urinary sodium excretion; UK urinary potassium excretion; Hypertension was defined as blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic or use of antihypertensive drugs. Diabetes was defined as self-reported diagnosis, a fasting plasma glucose of 126 mg/dL or higher or use of antidiabetic drugs. BMI: body mass index (the underweight category was not considered as there were no participants with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2). High waist-to-height ratio was defined as ≥ 0.5. eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate, derived from the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation.
Source: The authors based on these results and published data.