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. 2022 Oct 24;401(10378):789–794. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01840-2

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Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Transmission of zoonotic diseases

Stages involved in a pandemic crisis, from the initial circulation of pathogens within wild fauna and the natural environment, to the global dissemination after large-scale human-to-human transmission. Anthropological factors lead to changes in pathogen circulation and to increased contacts with new animal species, including domestic ones, which can induce spillover, with possible transmission to humans. The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the risk of reverse zoonoses, due to intensive circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in humans, transmission to new animal species, and circulation within some that have proven to be highly susceptible (hamsters, minks, and wild-tailed deer), with possible transmission of a mutated virus to humans. New variants can also emerge from circulation within humans.