Table 3. Counts and proportions of federal regulatory flexibilities offered to MOUD patients during COVID, Arizona 2021 (N = 129)^.
| Federal Regulation Flexibility | Total (% total sample, N = 131) | Methadone Only #(% of n = 96) | Buprenorphine Only #(% of n = 33) | Mean Time on MOUD (months) | High risk for COVID per CDC #(% of n = 53) | BIPOC #(% of n = 42) | Rural #(% of n = 22) | Urban #(% of n = 94) | Rural- Urban Mix #(% 0f n = 15) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Telehealth (offered or required) | 93 (71.0%) | 67 (69.8%) | 24 (72.7%) | M = 36.2 | 36 (67.9%) | 32 (76.2%) | 19 (86.4%) | 61 (64.9%)* | 13 (86.7%) |
| Multiday take-homes offered at clinic | 73 (55.7%) | 52 (54.2%) | n/a | M = 29.6 | 32 (60.4%) | 28 (66.7%) | 14 (63.6%) | 53 (56.4%) | 6 (40.0%) |
| Multiday take-homes offered to participant | 63 (48.1%) | 44 (45.8%) | n/a | M = 28.4 | 27 (50.9%) | 27 (64.3%)** | 10(45.5%) | 47 (50%) | 6 (40.0%) |
| Curbside dosing offered | 38(29.0%) | 35 (36.5%)** | n/a | M = 44.2 | 17 (32.1%) | 9 (21.4%) | 7 (31.8%) | 30 (31.9%) | 1 (6.7%) |
| Alternate delivery offered | 20 (15.3%) | 10 (10.4%)** | 9 (27.3%)* | M = 29.6 | 8 (15.1%) | 6 (14.3%) | 2 (9.1%) | 17 (18.1%) | 1 (6.7%) |
| Reduced drug testing | 24 (18.3%) | 16 (16.7%) | 8 (24.2%) | M = 30.9 | 8 (15.1%) | 9 (21.4%) | 4 (18.2%) | 17 (18.1%) | 3 (20.0%) |
| Reduced diversion callbacks | 17 (13.0%) | 13 (13.5%) | 4 (12.1%) | M = 23.7 | 6 (11.3%) | 7 (16.7%) | 5 (22.7%) | 8 (8.5%) | 4 (26.7%) |
*Association significant at the p < .05 level
**p ≤ .01 level using either Chi Square with Pearson goodness of fit or independent samples t-test.
^The two patients who were on methadone and buprenorphine during COVID were not included in this analysis due to cell size.