Table 3.
Health behaviour scores lagged by 4–6 years in relation to risk of fatal PCa for Health Professionals Follow-up Study participants diagnosed with nonmetastatic PCa, with follow-up starting at the time of diagnosis.
| 2021 PCa Behaviour Score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per point | 0–1 pts | 1.5 pts | 2 pts | 2.5 pts | 3 pts | Ptrend | |
| No. of events/person-years | 219/51,372 | 25/3717 | 33/7947 | 56/11,276 | 53/15,589 | 52/12,843 | |
| Event rate per 1000 person-years | 4.3 | 6.7 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 3.4 | 4.1 | |
| Age-Adj HR (95% CI) | 0.88 (0.79, 0.98) | 1.00 | 0.54 (0.32, 0.91) | 0.58 (0.36, 0.94) | 0.46 (0.28, 0.74) | 0.50 (0.31, 0.81) | 0.02 |
| aMV-Adj 1 HR (95% CI) | 0.87 (0.78, 0.98) | 1.00 | 0.54 (0.32, 0.91) | 0.58 (0.36, 0.93) | 0.45 (0.28, 0.74) | 0.48 (0.29, 0.79) | 0.02 |
| bMV-Adj 2 HR (95% CI) | 0.94 (0.84, 1.05) | 1.00 | 0.66 (0.39, 1.12) | 0.80 (0.49, 1.31) | 0.62 (0.37, 1.01) | 0.71 (0.42, 1.17) | 0.27 |
| cMV-Adj 3 HR (95% CI) | 0.98 (0.86, 1.12) | 1.00 | 0.68 (0.39, 1.19) | 0.88 (0.52, 1.51) | 0.71 (0.41, 1.23) | 0.84 (0.46, 1.52) | 0.77 |
| 2015 PCa Behaviour Score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per point | 0–1 pts | 2 pts | 3 pts | 4 pts | 5–6 pts | Ptrend | |
| No. of events/person-years | 183/45,899 | 13/1993 | 43/8005 | 74/18,324 | 33/12,504 | 20/5073 | |
| Event rate per 1000 person-years | 4.0 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 2.6 | 3.9 | |
| Age-Adj HR (95% CI) | 0.78 (0.67, 0.90) | 1.00 | 0.74 (0.40, 1.38) | 0.50 (0.28, 0.91) | 0.33 (0.17, 0.63) | 0.51 (0.25, 1.03) | <0.001 |
| dMV-Adj 1 HR (95% CI) | 0.78 (0.67, 0.90) | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.39, 1.36) | 0.50 (0.27, 0.91) | 0.32 (0.17, 0.62) | 0.51 (0.25, 1.03) | <0.001 |
| bMV-Adj 2 HR (95% CI) | 0.82 (0.70, 0.95) | 1.00 | 0.80 (0.42, 1.52) | 0.58 (0.32, 1.08) | 0.39 (0.20, 0.76) | 0.64 (0.31, 1.33) | 0.01 |
| cMV-Adj 3 HR (95% CI) | 0.81 (0.68, 0.97) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.50, 1.94) | 0.71 (0.36, 1.41) | 0.45 (0.21, 0.95) | 0.68 (0.29, 1.57) | 0.02 |
| WCRF/AICR Score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per point | 0–2.5 pts | 2.75–3.25 pts | 3.5–4.25 pts | 4.5–5 pts | 5.25–7 pts | Ptrend | |
| No. of events/person-years | 208/49,669 | 22/5894 | 49/10,305 | 66/19,070 | 45/9300 | 26/5100 | |
| Event rate per 1000 person-years | 4.2 | 3.7 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 5.1 | |
| Age-Adj HR (95% CI) | 1.01 (0.90, 1.14) | 1.00 | 1.30 (0.78, 2.15) | 0.87 (0.54, 1.42) | 1.15 (0.69, 1.92) | 1.21 (0.68, 2.14) | 0.75 |
| eMV-Adj 1 HR (95% CI) | 0.99 (0.88, 1.13) | 1.00 | 1.30 (0.78, 2.15) | 0.84 (0.52, 1.38) | 1.12 (0.67, 1.90) | 1.10 (0.61, 1.97) | 0.99 |
| bMV-Adj 2 HR (95% CI) | 1.01 (0.89, 1.14) | 1.00 | 1.28 (0.76, 2.14) | 0.90 (0.55, 1.48) | 1.27 (0.74, 2.16) | 1.06 (0.58, 1.93) | 0.84 |
| cMV-Adj 3 HR (95% CI) | 1.02 (0.87, 1.19) | 1.00 | 1.35 (0.79, 2.31) | 0.98 (0.58, 1.68) | 1.39 (0.76, 2.52) | 1.16 (0.57, 2.35) | 0.70 |
| ACS Score | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Per point | 0–1.5 pts | 2–2.5 pts | 3–3.5 pts | 4–4.5 pts | 5–6 pts | Ptrend | |
| No. of events/person-years | 207/49,493 | 24/4780 | 45/9747 | 60/14,925 | 43/12,585 | 35/7457 | |
| Event rate per 1000 person-years | 4.2 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 4.7 | |
| Age-Adj HR (95% CI) | 0.94 (0.84, 1.06) | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.55, 1.51) | 0.74 (0.46, 1.20) | 0.65 (0.39, 1.07) | 0.89 (0.53, 1.51) | 0.30 |
| fMV-Adj 1 HR (95% CI) | 0.93 (0.82, 1.05) | 1.00 | 0.91 (0.55, 1.50) | 0.74 (0.46, 1.19) | 0.64 (0.39, 1.07) | 0.85 (0.50, 1.46) | 0.23 |
| bMV-Adj 2 HR (95% CI) | 0.98 (0.87, 1.11) | 1.00 | 1.09 (0.65, 1.82) | 0.89 (0.54, 1.46) | 0.87 (0.51, 1.46) | 1.05 (0.60, 1.83) | 0.75 |
| cMV-Adj 3 HR (95% CI) | 1.06 (0.91, 1.23) | 1.00 | 1.18 (0.69, 2.01) | 1.01 (0.58, 1.75) | 1.08 (0.59, 1.96) | 1.42 (0.74, 2.73) | 0.46 |
ACS American Cancer Society, AICR American Institute for Cancer Research, CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, MV-Adj multivariable-adjusted, PCa prostate cancer, pts points, WCRF World Cancer Research Fund.
aAdditionally adjusted for non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity, family history of PCa, selenium, calories, whole milk, wine, processed meat, tomatoes, and fatty fish.
bAdjusted for all variables in MV-Adj 1, clinical stage, Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen levels, and treatment.
cAdjusted for all variables in MV-Adj 2 and health behaviour score 8–10 years pre-diagnosis.
dAdditionally adjusted for non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity, family history of PCa, selenium, calories, whole milk, and wine.
eAdditionally adjusted for non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity, family history of PCa, selenium, calories, smoking, whole milk, and fatty fish.
fAdditionally adjusted for non-Hispanic White race/ethnicity, family history of PCa, selenium, calories, smoking, whole milk, alcohol, and fatty fish.