Table 2.
Correlation coefficient (below the diagonal) and variance (diagonal) matrices for all study variables for student and class level separately
| Student-level variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Gender (1 = female) | 1.000 | |||||||||
| 2. Ethnicity (1 = non-Czech) | 0.112** | 0.090 | ||||||||
| 3. T1: Bully | −0.252*** | −0.024 | 0.063 | |||||||
| 4. T1: Victim | −0.046 | 0.062 | −0.062*** | 0.047 | ||||||
| 5. T1: Bully-victim | −0.198*** | <0.001 | −0.085*** | −0.072*** | 0.082 | |||||
| 6. T1: Defender | 0.198*** | −0.014 | −0.110*** | −0.093*** | −0.129*** | 0.122 | ||||
| 7. T2: Bully | −0.219*** | −0.005 | 0.436*** | −0.015 | 0.166** | −0.099*** | 0.067 | |||
| 8. T2: Victim | −0.029 | 0.028 | −0.021 | 0.464*** | −0.016 | −0.067** | −0.068*** | 0.053 | ||
| 9. T2: Bully-victim | −0.165*** | −0.023 | 0.052 | 0.046 | 0.603*** | −0.110*** | −0.084*** | −0.073*** | 0.076 | |
| 10. T2: Defender | 0.196*** | 0.016 | −0.090*** | −0.013 | −0.089*** | 0.613*** | −0.093*** | −0.082*** | −0.100*** | 0.090 |
| Class-level variables | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Gender (% female in class) | 2.101 | |||||||||||||
| 2. Ethnicity (% non-Czech in class) | −0.035 | 0.464 | ||||||||||||
| 3. T1: Bullies (% in class) | −0.327** | 0.167 | 0.472 | |||||||||||
| 4. T1: Victims (% in class) | 0.125 | 0.281 | 0.075 | 0.294 | ||||||||||
| 5. T1: Bully-victims (% in class) | −0.244 | 0.026 | −0.061 | 0.271 | 1.549 | |||||||||
| 6. T1: Defenders (% in class) | 0.370* | −0.079 | −0.182 | 0.089 | 0.020 | 3.950 | ||||||||
| 7. T1: Teachers: No intervention | 0.166 | 0.073 | −0.185 | 0.060 | −0.145 | −0.013 | 0.101 | |||||||
| 8. T1: Teachers: Disciplinary sanction | 0.036 | −0.144 | 0.197 | −0.064 | −0.131 | 0.206 | −0.602*** | 0.085 | ||||||
| 9. T1: Teachers: Group discussion | −0.223* | 0.057 | 0.275* | 0.129 | 0.016 | −0.001 | −0.413** | 0.495*** | 0.121 | |||||
| 10. T1: Teachers: Mediation/victim support | −0.080 | −0.030 | 0.200 | 0.184 | 0.172 | 0.325* | −0.678*** | 0.691*** | 0.605*** | 0.086 | ||||
| 11. Δ T2 − T1: No intervention | −0.173 | −0.257 | 0.180 | −0.161 | 0.117 | −0.098 | −0.256 | 0.070 | −0.129 | 0.129 | 0.062 | |||
| 12. Δ T2 − T1: Disciplinary sanction | 0.237 | 0.265 | −0.186 | 0.091 | 0.011 | −0.002 | 0.380* | −0.592*** | −0.017 | −0.461** | −0.339* | 0.083 | ||
| 13. Δ T2 − T1: Group discussion | 0.185 | 0.339* | −0.064 | 0.061 | −0.149 | −0.056 | 0.150 | −0.199 | −0.192 | −0.256* | −0.080 | 0.238 | 0.136 | |
| 14. Δ T2 − T1: Mediation/victim support | 0.182 | 0.096 | −0.197 | −0.221 | −0.271* | −0.157 | 0.164 | −0.274 | 0.052 | −0.401** | −0.315* | 0.517*** | 0.449*** | 0.047 |
N = 750; Values below the diagonal are correlation coefficients; values on the diagonal are variances
On the student-level, gender is effect-coded (–1 = male, 1 = female), all other variables are dummy coded; the reference category for bully, victim, bully-victim and defender is non-participant. On the class-level, variables 1–6 refer to class composition, and represent class percentages, whereas 1 unit represent 10% (possible range: 0–10); variables 7–10 refer to class-aggregated teacher intervention scores and have been grand-mean centered; variables 11–14 represent grand-mean-centered difference scores between class-aggregated teacher intervention scores (wave 2 − wave 1)
*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001