Table 1.
Run | Independent variables | Dependent variables | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X1 | X2 | X3 | Y1 | Y2 | Y3 | Y4 | |
1 |
40 (+ 1) |
30 (0) |
50 (− 1) |
37.9 ± 0.20b | 2.51 ± 0.06a | 3.80 ± 0.01d | 70.29 ± 1.62b |
2 |
20 (− 1) |
30 (0) |
90 (+ 1) |
31.5 ± 0.17 k | 1.38 ± 0.03i | 3.19 ± 0.01 g | 56.15 ± 2.12 g |
3 |
20 (− 1) |
30 (0) |
50 (− 1) |
38.7 ± 0.20a | 2.49 ± 0.11a | 4.07 ± 0.02a | 76.34 ± 0.03a |
4 |
40 (+ 1) |
30 (0) |
90 (+ 1) |
34.0 ± 0.20i | 1.70 ± 0.04 g | 2.72 ± 0.06j | 63.49 ± 0.58e |
5 |
30 (0) |
30 (0) |
70 (0) |
35.0 ± 0.17 g | 2.28 ± 0.01bc | 3.61 ± 0.02e | 66.37 ± 0.04d |
6 |
30 (0) |
15 (− 1) |
90 (+ 1) |
34.5 ± 0.15 h | 1.50 ± 0.00 h | 2.93 ± 0.01i | 61.36 ± 0.17f |
7 |
20 (− 1) |
45 (+ 1) |
70 (0) |
35.5 ± 0.10f | 2.03 ± 0.08f | 3.84 ± 0.02c | 63.51 ± 0.38e |
8 |
30 (0) |
45 (+ 1) |
50 (− 1) |
37.5 ± 0.20c | 2.50 ± 0.08a | 3.83 ± 0.01 cd | 68.24 ± 0.15c |
9 |
30 (0) |
30 (0) |
70 (0) |
35.5 ± 0.17f | 2.11 ± 0.02ef | 3.61 ± 0.00e | 65.97 ± 0.52d |
10 |
30 (0) |
30 (0) |
70 (0) |
34.0 ± 0.26i | 2.12 ± 0.02def | 3.61 ± 0.01e | 65.73 ± 0.40d |
11 |
30 (0) |
45 (+ 1) |
90 (+ 1) |
33.5 ± 0.17j | 1.55 ± 0.03 h | 3.00 ± 0.01 h | 56.26 ± 0.32 g |
12 |
20 (− 1) |
15 (− 1) |
70 (0) |
36.5 ± 0.20d | 2.17 ± 0.07de | 3.98 ± 0.01b | 66.95 ± 0.39d |
13 |
30 (0) |
15 (− 1) |
50 (− 1) |
39.0 ± 0.20a | 2.22 ± 0.01 cd | 3.95 ± 0.01b | 71.37 ± 0.26b |
14 |
40 (+ 1) |
45 (+ 1) |
70 (0) |
35.0 ± 0.17 g | 2.36 ± 0.07b | 3.42 ± 0.02f | 64.01 ± 0.53e |
15 |
40 (+ 1) |
15 (− 1) |
70 (0) |
36.0 ± 0.10e | 2.20 ± 0.06cde | 3.44 ± 0.01f | 66.44 ± 0.33d |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 3)
Different letters in the same columns indicate statistically different results according to Duncan’s multiple range test (p < 0.05)
X1: extraction temperature (°C); X2: extraction time (min); X3: ethanol concentration (%); Y1: total phenolic content (mg GAE/g DW); Y1: total flavonoid content (mg NAE/g DW); Y3: DPPH radical scavenging activity (% Inhibition)