Table 1.
Characteristics of patients based on sarcopenia at the 1-year follow-up
| Variable | NN (n=471) | SN (n=21) | NS (n=15) | SS (n=88) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 56.9 (51.2, 61.7) | 56.0 (48.6, 60.1) | 51.9 (49.1, 58.3) | 58.2 (51.3, 61.3) | 0.34 |
| Male | 285 (60.5) | 16 (76.2) | 11 (73.3) | 69 (78.4) | <0.01 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.4 (23.7, 27.5) | 24.1 (21.7, 25.1) | 22.8 (21.7, 24.1) | 20.8 (19.7, 23.1) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension | 116 (24.6) | 4 (19.1) | 1 (6.7) | 18 (20.5) | 0.34 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 132 (28.0) | 8 (38.1) | 4 (26.7) | 19 (21.6) | 0.42 |
| Alcohol-related | 99 (21.0) | 10 (47.6) | 3 (20.0) | 32 (36.4) | <0.01 |
| Hepatitis B | 280 (59.5) | 10 (47.6) | 11 (73.3) | 56 (63.6) | 0.39 |
| Hepatitis C | 39 (8.3) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (3.4) | 0.26 |
| Platelets (×103/mm3) | 127 (84, 172) | 131 (85, 155) | 139 (93, 163) | 138 (97, 168) | 0.90 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.5 (4.2, 4.7) | 4.5 (4.2, 4.7) | 4.6 (3.8, 4.8) | 4.4 (4.2, 4.7) | 0.99 |
| AST (U/L) | 29 (24, 37) | 31 (20, 39) | 28 (26, 38) | 27 (23, 41) | 0.90 |
| ALT (U/L) | 23 (17, 31) | 20 (15, 28) | 23 (17, 31) | 18 (13, 27) | <0.01 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.84 (0.65, 1.25) | 0.90 (0.57, 1.15) | 1.00 (0.73, 1.64) | 0.85 (0.66, 1.32) | 0.57 |
| Prothrombin time (INR) | 1.08 (1.04, 1.16) | 1.09 (1.03, 1.16) | 1.09 (1.04, 1.14) | 1.08 (1.03, 1.16) | 0.90 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.82 (0.70, 0.94) | 0.82 (0.72, 0.93) | 0.78 (0.72, 0.92) | 0.76 (0.66, 0.90) | 0.23 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 89.2 (76.9, 102.6) | 90.5 (83.4, 107.3) | 92.0 (80.0, 108.2) | 96.7 (82.0, 114.0) | <0.01 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 142 (140, 143) | 142 (141, 142) | 140 (139, 143) | 141 (140, 143) | 0.46 |
| Ascites | 30 (6.4) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (20.0) | 6 (6.8) | 0.26 |
| Overt encephalopathy | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.1) | 0.12 |
| Child-Pugh score | 5 (5, 5) | 5 (5, 5) | 5 (5, 5) | 5 (5, 5) | 0.44 |
| Child-Pugh class B/C | 34 (7.2) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (6.7) | 1 (1.1) | 0.14 |
| MELD-Na score | 8 (7, 10) | 8 (7, 9) | 9 (8, 12) | 8 (7, 9) | 0.32 |
| SMI (cm2/m2) | 55.7 (49.9, 62.0) | 51.0 (50, 52.2) | 48.1 (38.2, 48.7) | 43.7 (37.6, 46.7) | <0.01 |
| ∆SMI/yr% (%) | -0.13 (-2.77, 2.38) | 7.04 (4.34, 12.40) | -7.99 (-12.57, -3.90) | -0.40 (-4.03, 2.17) | <0.01 |
Values are expressed as number (%) or median (interquartile range).
NN, non-sarcopenia to non-sarcopenia; SN, sarcopenia to non-sarcopenia; NS, non-sarcopenia to sarcopenia; SS, sarcopenia to sarcopenia; BMI, body mass index; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; INR, international normalized ratio; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MELD, model for end-stage liver disease; SMI, skeletal muscle index; ΔSMI/yr%, % change in SMI after 1 year.