Table 4.
Association between dyslipidemia and hepatocellular carcinoma
| Study | Region | Etiology | Study design | Patients/HCC cases | Result (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lee et al. [36] (2017) | Taiwan | NAFLD | Population-based cohort study | 18,080/41 | HR, 0.41 (0.15–1.11) | 0.08 |
| Cho et al. [70] (2021) | Korea | LC | Large-population database study | 6,399/561 | HR, 0.78 (0.64–0.96); TC Q2* | |
| HR, 0.65 (0.51–0.83); TC Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 0.30 (0.21–0.44); TC Q4 | ||||||
| HR, 0.78 (0.58–1.05); TG Q2 | ||||||
| HR, 0.69 (0.44–1.07); TG Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 0.47 (0.23–0.94); TG Q4 | ||||||
| HR, 0.77 (0.63–0.94); LDL Q2 | ||||||
| HR, 0.64 (0.51–0.81); LDL Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 0.29 (0.21–0.40); LDL Q4 | ||||||
| HR, 0.95 (0.75–1.20); HDL Q2 | ||||||
| HR, 1.01 (0.80–1.28); HDL Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 1.18 (0.94–1.49); HDL Q4 | ||||||
| Viral hepatitis | 86,368/806 | HR, 0.69 (0.58–0.82); TC Q2* | ||||
| HR, 0.50 (0.41–0.61); TC Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 0.31 (0.24–0.39); TC Q4 | ||||||
| HR, 0.78 (0.58–1.05); TG Q2 | ||||||
| HR, 0.69 (0.44–1.07); TG Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 0.47 (0.23–0.94); TG Q4 | ||||||
| HR, 0.77 (0.63–0.94); LDL Q2 | ||||||
| HR, 0.64 (0.51–0.81); LDL Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 0.29 (0.21–0.40); LDL Q4 | ||||||
| HR, 0.95 (0.75–1.20); HDL Q2 | ||||||
| HR, 1.01 (0.80–1.28); HDL Q3 | ||||||
| HR, 1.18 (0.94–1.49); HDL Q4 | ||||||
| Goh et al. [75] (2020) | Korea | HBV | Retrospective cohort study | 7,713/702 | HR, 0.77 (0.63–0.95); high TC | 0.01 |
| Wu et al. [76] (2014) | Taiwan | HBV | Population-based cohort study | 43,190/5,446 | HR, 0.87 (0.61–1.23) | 0.43 |
| Tan et al. [77] (2019) | Taiwan | HBV | Population-based cohort study | 6,564/89 | HR, 0.67 (0.39–1.16); high TG | 0.15 |
| HR, 0.99 (0.54–1.83); low HDL | 0.98 | |||||
| Choe et al. [86] (2021) | Korea | HBV | Large-population database study | 1,504,880/29,412 | HR, 0.46 (0.45-0.47); high TG | |
| HR, 0.68 (0.66-0.70); low HDL | ||||||
| Kanwal et al. [25] (2020) | USA | NAFLD | Retrospective cohort study | 271,906/253 | HR, 1.31 (0.84–2.04); high TG and/or low HDL-cholesterol |
HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; CI, confidence interval; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; HR, hazard ratio; LC, liver cirrhosis; TC, total cholesterol; Q, quartile; TG, triglyceride; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HBV, hepatitis B virus.
*
Quartile 1 (Q1, lowest), Q2, Q3, and Q4 (highest). The reference was Q1.