Table 1.

Patients with vertebrobasilar insufficiency treated by a chiropractor.

Author	Year	Patient age	Sex	Symptoms	VBI diagnosis and testing	Treatment
Current case	2022	62	M	Neck pain, headaches, dizziness	Calcified plaques in VA, MRA, CTA	Thoracic SMT, no cervical rotation, IASTM
Jensen [54]	2003	40	F	Neck and interscapular pain, lightheadedness, tremor	Decreased VA blood flow via Doppler	Cervical SMT with <45° rotation
Jensen [54]	2003	42	M	Neck pain, tremor, left hand numbness	Decreased VA flow via Doppler	Cervical SMT with <45° rotation
Rectenwald [53]	2018	39	F	Neck pain, upper extremity numbness	Bow hunter’s syndrome, C1-2 stenosis via dynamic angiography	Instrument-assisted cervical SMT (cervical spine in neutral position)
Terenzi [41]	2002	28	F	Neck and arm pain, headaches, dizziness	Perfusion deficit on transcranial Doppler, VA compression and anomaly	Cervical SMT with flexion and no rotation

CTA – computed tomography angiography; F – female; IASTM – instrument assisted soft tissue manipulation; MRA – magnetic resonance angiography; M – male; NR – not reported; SMT – spinal manipulative therapy; VA – vertebral artery; VBI – vertebrobasilar insufficiency.