Figure 2. Publication Counts Among MD Graduates From US Medical Schools by Sex and Race and Ethnicity.

Number of publications (including peer-review articles, abstracts, presentations) stratified by medical school National Institutes of Health NIH research ranking (top 40 vs not top 40). Significant analysis of variance test of log-transformed research experiences count with Tukey adjustment for multiple comparisons among groups are shown. Dashed line indicates the overall mean publication count for all students; error bars, SDs.