. 2022 Oct 26;23:83. doi: 10.1186/s40360-022-00622-1

Table 2.

Effects of SAA on clinical chemistry of dogs

Parameter Detection time	Control	SAA 20 mg/kg	SAA 80 mg/kg	SAA 300 mg/kg
AST (U/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	40.33 ± 6.06 47.00 ± 1.41	44.50 ± 7.40 36.50 ± 6.36	40.50 ± 8.22 39.50 ± 4.95	49.40 ± 21.31 39.50 ± 3.54
ALT (U/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	29.17 ± 6.43 27.00 ± 1.41	32.67 ± 5.72 21.00 ± 2.83	47.17 ± 15.96 23.00 ± 11.31	35.80 ± 19.99 20.00 ± 4.24
ALP (U/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	74.87 ± 30.89 56.30 ± 1.84	71.90 ± 16.09 57.65 ± 2.05	80.18 ± 21.62 53.05 ± 19.59	64.44 ± 15.98 47.70 ± 4.10
T-BIL(µmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	0.64 ± 0.41 0.48 ± 0.04	0.86 ± 0.40 0.59 ± 0.12	2.25 ± 1.29 0.55 ± 0.03	10.59 ± 13.05* 0.86 ± 0.30
BUN (mmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	4.86 ± 0.78 4.07 ± 0.77	4.98 ± 0.64 4.44 ± 1.12	5.04 ± 0.66 4.66 ± 0.07	6.97 ± 2.42* 6.61 ± 2.96
CRE (µmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	52.48 ± 5.91 52.30 ± 5.94	52.65 ± 5.57 56.20 ± 3.96	55.52 ± 6.50 56.00 ± 9.19	46.34 ± 9.56 50.90 ± 8.77
TP (g/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	62.07 ± 5.69 63.00 ± 5.23	60.37 ± 3.81 60.70 ± 0.85	60.40 ± 6.14 67.70 ± 0.42	58.40 ± 8.32 59.35 ± 10.82
ALB (g/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	29.20 ± 3.98 32.75 ± 2.19	31.70 ± 1.55 33.60 ± 4.24	29.20 ± 2.30 32.60 ± 1.41	26.02 ± 4.70 30.70 ± 6.79
CHOL (mmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	3.88 ± 0.56 4.24 ± 0.31	4.28 ± 0.33 4.61 ± 0.25	4.28 ± 0.33 5.11 ± 1.04	4.33 ± 0.50 4.83 ± 0.49
TG (mmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	0.38 ± 0.16 0.59 ± 0.08	0.47 ± 0.15 0.78 ± 0.01*	0.48 ± 0.12 0.78 ± 0.05*	0.70 ± 0.27* 0.77 ± 0.03*
GLU (mmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	4.90 ± 0.21 6.68 ± 0.28	5.49 ± 0.37 7.12 ± 0.28	5.50 ± 0.33 6.36 ± 0.33	5.85 ± 2.17 6.89 ± 0.35
CK (U/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	200.83 ± 64.72 290.50 ± 10.61	212.00 ± 61.54 238.50 ± 156.27	190.50 ± 31.13 140.00 ± 12.73	250.60 ± 145.21 153.00 ± 49.50
GGT (U/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	2.83 ± 1.60 3.50 ± 0.71	2.67 ± 0.82 2.50 ± 0.71	2.50 ± 0.84 2.00 ± 0.00	3.00 ± 1.73 4.50 ± 3.54
K⁺ (mmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	5.02 ± 0.17 4.95 ± 0.21	4.80 ± 0.06 4.75 ± 0.21	4.63 ± 0.10 4.90 ± 0.14	4.24 ± 0.61** 4.95 ± 0.07
Na⁺ (mmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	147.67 ± 0.82 148.50 ± 0.71	148.00 ± 1.26 147.50 ± 0.71	147.50 ± 0.84 149.00 ± 1.41	142.60 ± 6.47** 150.50 ± 2.12
Cl⁻ (mmol/L) End of dose phase End of recovery phase	112.00 ± 0.89 113.00 ± 1.41	112.17 ± 1.83 113.00 ± 0.00	112.00 ± 1.41 115.50 ± 0.71	104.20 ± 12.52* 113.50 ± 0.71
P < 0.05, *P < 0.01 vs. Control. Abbreviations: AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; ALP, Alkaline phosphatase; T-BIL, Total bilirubin; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; CRE, Creatinine; TP, Total protein; ALB, Albumin; CHOL, Cholesterol; TG, Triglyceride; GLU, Glucose; CK, Creatine kinase; GCT, Glutamyl transpeptidase.

Parameter
Detection time

Control

SAA 20 mg/kg

SAA 80 mg/kg

SAA 300 mg/kg

AST (U/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

40.33 ± 6.06

47.00 ± 1.41

44.50 ± 7.40

36.50 ± 6.36

40.50 ± 8.22

39.50 ± 4.95

49.40 ± 21.31

39.50 ± 3.54

ALT (U/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

29.17 ± 6.43

27.00 ± 1.41

32.67 ± 5.72

21.00 ± 2.83

47.17 ± 15.96

23.00 ± 11.31

35.80 ± 19.99

20.00 ± 4.24

ALP (U/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

74.87 ± 30.89

56.30 ± 1.84

71.90 ± 16.09

57.65 ± 2.05

80.18 ± 21.62

53.05 ± 19.59

64.44 ± 15.98

47.70 ± 4.10

T-BIL(µmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

0.64 ± 0.41

0.48 ± 0.04

0.86 ± 0.40

0.59 ± 0.12

2.25 ± 1.29

0.55 ± 0.03

10.59 ± 13.05*

0.86 ± 0.30

BUN (mmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

4.86 ± 0.78

4.07 ± 0.77

4.98 ± 0.64

4.44 ± 1.12

5.04 ± 0.66

4.66 ± 0.07

6.97 ± 2.42*

6.61 ± 2.96

CRE (µmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

52.48 ± 5.91

52.30 ± 5.94

52.65 ± 5.57

56.20 ± 3.96

55.52 ± 6.50

56.00 ± 9.19

46.34 ± 9.56

50.90 ± 8.77

TP (g/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

62.07 ± 5.69

63.00 ± 5.23

60.37 ± 3.81

60.70 ± 0.85

60.40 ± 6.14

67.70 ± 0.42

58.40 ± 8.32

59.35 ± 10.82

ALB (g/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

29.20 ± 3.98

32.75 ± 2.19

31.70 ± 1.55

33.60 ± 4.24

29.20 ± 2.30

32.60 ± 1.41

26.02 ± 4.70

30.70 ± 6.79

CHOL (mmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

3.88 ± 0.56

4.24 ± 0.31

4.28 ± 0.33

4.61 ± 0.25

4.28 ± 0.33

5.11 ± 1.04

4.33 ± 0.50

4.83 ± 0.49

TG (mmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

0.38 ± 0.16

0.59 ± 0.08

0.47 ± 0.15

0.78 ± 0.01*

0.48 ± 0.12

0.78 ± 0.05*

0.70 ± 0.27*

0.77 ± 0.03*

GLU (mmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

4.90 ± 0.21

6.68 ± 0.28

5.49 ± 0.37

7.12 ± 0.28

5.50 ± 0.33

6.36 ± 0.33

5.85 ± 2.17

6.89 ± 0.35

CK (U/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

200.83 ± 64.72

290.50 ± 10.61

212.00 ± 61.54

238.50 ± 156.27

190.50 ± 31.13

140.00 ± 12.73

250.60 ± 145.21

153.00 ± 49.50

GGT (U/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

2.83 ± 1.60

3.50 ± 0.71

2.67 ± 0.82

2.50 ± 0.71

2.50 ± 0.84

2.00 ± 0.00

3.00 ± 1.73

4.50 ± 3.54

K⁺ (mmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

5.02 ± 0.17

4.95 ± 0.21

4.80 ± 0.06

4.75 ± 0.21

4.63 ± 0.10

4.90 ± 0.14

4.24 ± 0.61**

4.95 ± 0.07

Na⁺ (mmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

147.67 ± 0.82

148.50 ± 0.71

148.00 ± 1.26

147.50 ± 0.71

147.50 ± 0.84

149.00 ± 1.41

142.60 ± 6.47**

150.50 ± 2.12

Cl⁻ (mmol/L)

End of dose phase

End of recovery phase

112.00 ± 0.89

113.00 ± 1.41

112.17 ± 1.83

113.00 ± 0.00

112.00 ± 1.41

115.50 ± 0.71

104.20 ± 12.52*

113.50 ± 0.71

*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. Control. Abbreviations: AST, Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; ALP, Alkaline phosphatase; T-BIL, Total bilirubin; BUN, Blood urea nitrogen; CRE, Creatinine; TP, Total protein; ALB, Albumin; CHOL, Cholesterol; TG, Triglyceride; GLU, Glucose; CK, Creatine kinase; GCT, Glutamyl transpeptidase.