Figure 3.

Low glucose conditions induce autophagy in HGnFs. (A,B) Synthesis of autophagy-related proteins (Total-LC3B and p62) by HGnFs under low glucose conditions, after 24, 72, and 120 h of incubation. The HGnFs were photographed after incubation with fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies, and nuclei were stained with DAPI. (C–E) The expression of LC3B and p62 was examined using western blot analysis; the data were obtained using protein extracts of these cells with antibodies against the indicated proteins with β-actin as a loading control. The samples derived from the same experiment and their corresponding gels/blots were processed in parallel. (Scale bars: 100 μm).