Table 2.
Pattern analyses of all S. aureus isolates according to antibiotic resistance phenotype, toxin possession, and genotype.
| Pattern | No. of Isolates | *MDR | MSSA/MRSA | P E N |
G E N |
M O X |
E R Y |
C L I |
T E T |
S X T |
V A N |
PTSAgs, lukS-PV and lukF-PV, and EDIN Genes | spa Type | MLST | agr Group |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infection-related S. aureus isolates (n = 47) | |||||||||||||||
| A | 2 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | ND | t786 | ST88 | IV |
| B | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | R | R | S | sea | t084 | ST15 | II |
| C | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | R | R | S | sea, lukS-PV and lukF-PV | t084 | ST15 | IV |
| D | 2 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | sea, lukS-PV and lukF-PV | t084 | ST15 | II |
| E | 1 | Y | MSSA | R | S | S | R | R | R | R | S | sea, lukS-PV and lukF-PV | t091 | ST7 | III |
| F | 1 | Y | MRSA | R | R | R | S | S | R | R | S | ND | t091 | ST7 | III |
| G | 26 | Y # | MSSA | R | S | R | R | R | R | R | S | ND | t091 | ST7 | III |
| I2 | S6 | S6 | S3 | S8 | |||||||||||
| H | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | sea, seh | t127 | ST1 | III |
| I | 1 | N | MSSA | R | R | S | S | S | R | S | S | seh | t127 | ST1 | IV |
| J | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | R | S | S | R | S | seg-sei, edinA | t2724 | ST15 | II |
| K | 1 | N | MSSA | S | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | ND | t355 | ST152 | III |
| L | 1 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | sei, lukS-PV and lukF-PV | t355 | ST152 | III |
| M | 1 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | lukS-PV and lukF-PV | t355 | ST152 | III |
| N | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | seg-sei, edinA | t311 | ST15 | II |
| O | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | seg-sei | t2731 | ST5 | III |
| P | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | sea, seb | t085 | ST1 | II |
| Q | 1 | Y | MSSA | R | R | S | R | S | R | R | S | sed | t064 | ST8 | II |
| R | 1 | Y | MRSA | R | R | I | R | R | R | R | S | ND | t037 | ST241 | III |
| S | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | seh | t7762 | ST1 | IV |
| T | 1 | Y | MRSA | R | S | I | S | S | R | R | S | sea, seb | t008 | ST8 | III |
| Carriage-associated S. aureus isolates (n = 62) | |||||||||||||||
| A | 29 | Y ## | MSSA | R | S | R | R | R | R | R | S | ND | t091 | ST7 | III |
| I2 | S3 | S5 | S8 | ||||||||||||
| B | 4 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | ND | t786 | ST88 | IV |
| C | 1 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | sea, luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t786 | ST88 | II |
| D | 2 | Y | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | R1 | R1 | S | ND | t084 | ST15 | II |
| E | 1 | N | MSSA | S | S | R | S | S | S | R | S | ND | t091 | ST7 | III |
| F | 1 | Y | MSSA | R | S | R | R | R | R | R | S | sea, luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t091 | ST7 | III |
| G | 2 | Y | MSSA | R | R | S | S | S | R | R1 | S | sea, seh, luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t127 | ST1 | IV |
| H | 2 | Y | MRSA | R | S | R1 | R | S | R | R | S | seg-sei, edin-A | t311 | ST15 | II |
| I | 4 | Y | MSSA | R | S | S | R | S | S | R1 | S | seg-sei, edin-A | t2724 | ST15 | II |
| J | 1 | N | MSSA | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | seg-sei | t2724 | ST15 | II |
| K | 2 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | S | S | luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t355 | ST152 | III |
| L | 2 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | S | S | R | S1 | S | ND | t355 | ST152 | III |
| M | 2 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | R1 | S | S | ND | t355 | ST152 | III |
| N | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | sea, seb, sec, luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t064 | ST8 | III |
| O | 1 | Y | MRSA | R | S | S | R | S | R | R | S | sea, seb | t064 | ST8 | III |
| P | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t4690 | ST153 | III |
| Q | 2 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t355 | ST152 | III |
| R | 1 | N | MSSA | R | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | sea, luk S-PV and luk F-PV | t084 | S15 | II |
| S | 1 | N | MSSA | S | S | S | S | S | R | S | S | seg-sei | t091 | ST7 | II |
| T | 1 | Y | MSSA | R | S | R | R | R | R | R | S | tst | t091 | ST7 | III |
| U | 1 | Y | MSSA | R | S | R | R | R | R | S | S | ND | t1685 | ST7 | III |
*Multidrug resistant [21]. # Twenty infection-related S. aureus isolates were multidrug resistant. ## Twenty-three carriage-related S. aureus isolates were multidrug resistant. Y- Yes; N- No; spa, staphylococcal protein A; MSSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus; MRSA, methicillin resistant S. aureus; PTSAg, pyrogenic toxin superantigen; agr, accessory gene regulator; MLST, multilocus sequence typing; hlg, gamma-hemolysin; sea-sei, staphylococcal enterotoxin genes A-I; edinA, epidermal differentiation inhibitor A gene; lukS-PV and lukF-PV, Panton-Valentine leucocidin genes; ND, none of the tested virulence genes detected. R-resistant, S-susceptible, I-intermediate PEN penicillin, GEN gentamicin, MOX. moxifloxacin, ERY erythromycin, CLI clindamycin, TET tetracycline, SXT trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, VAN vancomycin. Detection of susceptible or resistant variant(s) is (are) indicated. (Numbers indicate variants ≥ 1). Grey row(s) identify genotypes common to infection-related and carriage-related S. aureus isolates. Black row indicates putative USA300 ST 8-related, isolate. Mean (median) number of antibiotics to which infection-related S. aureus isolates (n = 47) were resistant: 10.5 (10.4). Mean (median) number of antibiotics to which carriage-related S. aureus isolates (n = 62) bore resistance: 10.5 (9.67). Total number of antibiotics tested, n = 30. Note: pattern nomenclatures (e.g., A, B, C, etc) are for identification purposes. Pattern nomenclatures do not generally suggest pattern correlation across both isolate collections.