Table 4.

Key Recommendations.

Key Recommendation #1: Clinicians should attempt to identify other patient-specific risk factors for AKI prior to prescribing (or recommending) empiric antibiotic therapy.

Key Recommendation #2: If a patient is at increased risk for AKI, the clinician should attempt to utilize antibiotic options which have a decreased risk of, or known incidence of contributing to AKI, when clinically possible.

Key Recommendation #3: If a patient does experience AKI due to antibiotic therapy, clinicians must discontinue the offending agent (if known), decrease doses of all other medications as indicated, and determine if other therapy adjustments for treating the infectious insult are required.

Key Recommendation #4: If possible, a clinician should attempt to correct, or stabilize, all modifiable risk factors prior to initiating therapy with a nephrotoxic antibiotic.

Key Recommendation #5: All clinicians should de-escalate antibiotic therapy once causative pathogens have been identified to potentially limit the duration of nephrotoxic antibiotics.