Table 1.
Some examples of drugs used to inhibit the activity of NOX in liver diseases.
| Drug | Nox Inhibited |
Pathway Affected | Disease | Study Model |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LDC7559 (NA-11) (Indirect action) |
NOX2 | Respiratory burst (neutrophils) | Viral infection | Human blood | [163] |
| GKT137831 (Setanaxib) (Direct action) |
NOX1/NOX4 | Suppressed chemokine production, inhibited hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation | Hepatic fibrosis | Mouse | [164] |
| GKT137831 (Setanaxib) (Direct action) |
NOX1/NOX4 | Bile duct ligation-induced hepatic fibrosis (BDL) | Hepatic fibrosis and hepatocyte apoptosis | Mouse | [77] |
| GKT137831 (Setanaxib) (Direct action) |
NOX1/NOX4 | Decrease in oxidative stress and inflammation | Hepatic fibrosis | Mouse | [165] |
| Chlorogenic acid (Indirect action) |
NOX | Upregulation of NFE2L2, a transcription factor that regulates the expression of antioxidant enzymes | Hepatic fibrosis | Rats | [166] |
| Losartan (Indirect action) |
Non-specific inhibition of different NOX | The expression of profibrogenic and NOX genes was reduced | Hypertension and heart failure | Human | [167] |
| Catalpol (Indirect action) |
NOX4 | AMPK/NOX4/PI3K/AKT | Hepatic insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes | Mouse | [168] |
| Apocinin (Direct action) |
NOX2 | Inhibits the binding of p47phox to gp91phox | Inflammation and aging | Rats | [169] |
| Statinas (Direct action) |
NOX1/NOX2 | Inhibit Rac binding to gp91phox | Hepatic fibrosis | Rats | [170] |