Table 1.
Composition of the experimental liquid diets.
| Component | C | CL | CC | E | EL | EC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| g/L (1000 kcal) | ||||||
| Casein 1 | 41.4 | 41.4 | 41.4 | 41.4 | 41.4 | 41.4 |
| L-Cysteine 2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| DL-Methionine 3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Corn oil 4 | 8.5 | 0 | 0 | 8.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Olive oil 5 | 28.4 | 0 | 0 | 28.4 | 0 | 0 |
| Safflower oil 6 | 2.7 | 0 | 0 | 2.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Lard 7 | 0 | 35.6 | 0 | 0 | 35.6 | 0 |
| Cocoa butter 8 | 0 | 0 | 35.6 | 0 | 0 | 35.6 |
| Soybean oil 6 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| Choline bitartrate 9 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.53 | 0.53 |
| Fiber 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Xanthan gum 11 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| ICN: AIN-76 vitamins 12 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| ICN: AIN-76 minerals 13 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| Maltodextrin 14 | 115.2 | 115.2 | 115.2 | 25.6 | 25.6 | 25.6 |
| Ethanol 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
C, control group; CL, control diet with lard group; CC, control diet with cocoa butter group; E, ethanol group; EL, ethanol diet with lard group; EC, ethanol diet with cocoa butter group. Liquid diet adapted from Lieber and DeCarli. [17]. 1 Casein: ICN Biochemicals, 901293; 2 L-Cysteine: MP Biomedicals, 101454; 3 DL-Methionine: MP Biomedicals, 190955; 4 Corn oil: God bene enterprises; 5 Olive oil: Standard Foods; 6 Safflower oil and soybean oil: Taiwan Sugar; 7 Lard: MP Biomedicals, 902140; 8 Cocoa butter: MP Biomedicals, 905417; 9 Choline bitartrate: MP Biomedicals, 101384; 10 Fiber: ICN Biochemicals, 900453; 11 Xanthan gum: Sigma-Aldrich, G1253-500G; 12 ICN: AIN-76 vitamins: MP Biomedicals, 905454; 13 ICN: AIN-76 minerals: MP Biomedicals, 905455; 14 Maltodextrin: MP Biomedicals, 960048; 15 Ethanol: Sigma-Aldrich, 32205.