Table 1.
Species and number of specimens tested in the study.
| Family | Species | N° | Age and Housing (Outd: outdoor; Ind: indoor) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diurnal birds of prey | Falconidae | Eurasian Hobby (Falco subbuteo) |
1 | Nestling/young: 1 | Adult: 0 | ||
| Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus) |
23 | Nestling/young: 7 | Adult: 16 | ||||
| Outd: 7 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 16 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Accipitridae | Eurasian Sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | |||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) |
3 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 3 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 3 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Red Kite (Milvus milvus) |
3 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 3 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 3 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo) |
17 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 17 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 17 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Western Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 0 | Ind: 1 | ||||
| Short-toed Snake Eagle (Circaetus gallicus) |
3 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 3 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 3 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Pallid Harrier (Circus macrourus) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Nocturnal birds of prey | Strigidae | Little Owl (Athene noctua) |
17 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 17 | ||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 17 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Long-eared Owl (Asio otus) |
31 | Nestling/young: 25 | Adult: 6 | ||||
| Outd: 21 | Ind: 4 | Outd: 6 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Scops Owl (Otus scops) |
5 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 5 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 3 | Ind: 2 | ||||
| Titonidae | Barn Owl (Tyto alba) |
7 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 7 | |||
| Outd: 0 | Ind:0 | Outd: 7 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Strictly or prevalently insectivorous | Apodidae | Common Swift (Apus apus) |
18 | Nestling/young: 18 | Adult: 0 | ||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 18 | Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Falconidae | Lesser Kestrel (Falco naumanni) |
30 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 30 | |||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 28 | Ind: 2 | ||||
| Turdidae | Mistle Thrush (Turdus viscivorus) |
2 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 2 | |||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 2 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Omnivorous [31,32] | Corvidae | Eurasian Magpie (Pica pica) |
10 | Nestling/young: 1 | Adult: 9 | ||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 1 | Outd: 4 | Ind: 5 | ||||
| Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) |
5 | Nestling/young: 1 | Adult: 4 | ||||
| Outd: 1 | Ind:0 | Outd: 4 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Western Jackdaw (Coloeus monedula) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||
|
Hooded Crow (Corvus cornix) |
2 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 2 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 2 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Prevalently piscivorous | Laridae | Yellow-legged Gull (Larus michahellis) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Common Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus) |
4 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 4 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 3 | Ind: 1 | ||||
| Mediterranean Gull (Ichthyaetus melanocephalus) |
2 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 2 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 2 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Ardeidae | Grey or Purple Heron (Ardea cinerea, Ardea purpurea) |
2 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 2 | |||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 2 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Little Egret (Egretta garzetta) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Black-crowned Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Phoenicopteridae | Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus phoenicopterus) |
2 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 2 | |||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 2 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Granivorous/ Frugivorous |
Psittacidae | Monk Parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) |
4 | Nestling/young: 4 | Adult: 0 | ||
| Outd: 4 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Aquatic birds | Anatidae | Common Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Brent Goose (Branta bernicla) |
2 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 2 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 2 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Eurasian Teal (Anas crecca) |
3 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 3 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 3 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Mute Swan (Cygnus olor) |
4 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 4 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 4 | Ind: 0 | ||||
| Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) |
1 | Nestling/young: 0 | Adult: 1 | ||||
| Outd: 0 | Ind: 0 | Outd: 1 | Ind: 0 | ||||